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STNA Nutrition
Nutrition & Intake/Output
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Carbohydrates | Grains, fruits, vegetables, First source for energy,Also contain fiber. |
| Fats | Animal products, nuts & oils. Builds cell walls & assists with use of vitamins. Second choice for energy. |
| Proteins | Meat, beans, milk products, eggs, nuts/seeds. Builds new tissue. Used for energy when carbs & fats are not available. |
| Fat Soluble Vitamins | Stored in body fat, so they don’t need to be eaten daily! Includes: A, D, E, K |
| Water Soluble Vitamins | Dissolve in water & are needed daily for good nutrition. Includes: C & B complex. |
| Minerals | Help provide structure within the body & help regulate body processes |
| Water | 1/2 to 2/3 of body weight is water. Need 48- 96 oz per day |
| 30 milliliters | Equals 1 ounce |
| High Protein diet | For tissue damage, wound healing. Increase in protein & supplements with protein given. |
| Low Fat Diet | For high cholesterol, gallbladder disease, liver problems. No fats. |
| ADA Diet | Diabetic diet. Lists calories for the day. Pt must eat all food or get a substitute for food not eaten. |
| Intake | All the liquids a pt consumes |
| output | Elimination of fluids a person consumes. |
| Force Fluids | Pt must have extra fluid. Offer liquids frequently. |
| Fluid Restriction | Pt will have an amount to drink for each shift. Pt must receive all of the amount ordered, but not more! |
| Dehydration | Too little fluid in body |
| Edema | Too much fluid in body |
| Dysphagia | Difficulty with swallowing, esp. water. |
| Thickened Liquids | Substance added to make liquids thicker. Used for pts that have trouble swallowing. |
| Clothing Protector | Special cloth that is used at meal time to protect residents clothes from spills |
| NPO | Nothing by mouth |
| Clear liquid | Used after surgery. Only items that are clear & have no caffeine. |
| Full liquid | Next step up after a CL diet. Anything that is liquid when at room temperature. |
| Mechanical soft | Next step after FL, or used for pts with trouble chewing. Items that are soft to eat or chopped. |
| Pureed | For pts that cannot chew or swallow well. Food is put into blender. |
| Low sodium | For heart/kidney disease or edema. No salty foods. No salt on tray. |
| Low protein | For kidney disease. No high protein foods are given. |
| BRAT | For diarrhea. (banana applesauce rice & toast!) |
| Diet Card | Information about the pt's special diet, allergies, likes/dislikes and other instructions |
| Fluid Balance | Maintaining equal intake & output |
| High Residue | increased fiber diet that adds whole grains & raw fruits/vegetables. used for constipation |
| Low Residue | Decreased fiber diet which restricts whole graind, nuts, seeds, raw foods, diary, coffee. Used for bowel problems |
| Nasogastric Tube | tube inserted through the nose into the stomach |
| PEG tube | Tube inserted through the abdomen into the stomach. (Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Tube) |
| Tube feeding | Use of an N/G or PEG tube to give liquid nutrition to a patient. |
| Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) | Solution of nutrients given through IV tube. |
| Diuretics | Medicine used to decrease fluid volume through urination. |
Created by:
Mrs O's STNA
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