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Pediatrics Cardiac

Congenital Heart Defects

Congenital DefectClassification
Atrial Septal Defect Acyanotic - Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow. Hole in septum between both atria, signs on CHF. Increasded risk for endocarditis
Ventricular Septal Defect Acyanotic - Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow. Hole between both ventricles, signs of CHF. Increased risk for endocarditis
Patent Ductus Arteriosis Acyanotic - Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow. Ductus Arteriosis does not close, blood leaks back into pulmonary artery. Increased risk for endocarditis.
Coartication of Aorta Acyanotic - Obstructive Blood flow in the aorta (to systemic circulation) and backs up in the left side of the heart
Aortic Valvar Stenosis Acyanotic - Obstructive Blood Flow from left ventricle (to systemic circulation) and backing up in the lungs
Pulmonic Valvar Stenosis Acyanotic - Obstructive Blood flow from right ventricle (to the lungs) backing up blood systemically
Tetralogy of Fallot Cyanotic - Decreased pulmonary blood flow. 4 Defects- Ventricular setal defect, pulmonic stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy, over-riding aorta. Causes mixed sign depending on where pressure is greatest, can become acutely cyanotic "Blue or Tet Spell"
Tricuspid Atresia Cyanotic - Decreased Pulmonary blood flow. No valve between R atrium & R ventricle. Venous blood backs up. Blood flows from left atrium through foramen ovale or Atrial septal defect into L atrium.
Transposition of Great Arteries Cyanotic - Mixed Blood Flow. Pulomary artery leaves L ventricle & aorta leaves R ventricle. Requires PDA or ASD or VSD for survival (or there will not be exchange of blood)
Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome Cyanotic - Mixed Blood Flow.Under developed L side of heart, requires a patent foramen ovale and PDA for survival. Will need a heart transplant, high mortality rate even with transplant
Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return Cyanotic - Mixed Blood Flow. VERY rare!
Created by: TBess
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