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Types of Physical Agents
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Therapeutic Purposes
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Ther. Modalities

Test 1

QuestionAnswer
Types of Physical Agents Heat Cold Light Electricity Exercise
Therapeutic Purposes Wound healing Pain relief Flexibility and range of motion Muscular strength Muscular endurance Coordination Power and agility Cardiorespiratory endurance
Classification of Therapeutic Modalities By physical agent used and by tissue response
Mechanical Massage, mobilization, US, whirlpool
Cryotherapy Ice pack, immersion, ice massage
Thermotherapy Moist heat, dry heat, diathermy, US
Hydrotherapy Whirlpool, contrast bath, aquatic pool
Electrotherapy Muscle stimulation, TENS, diathermy
Types of Research Evidence 1. Physiological responses of healthy, uninjured humans to specific interventions. 2. Pathophysiological responses of injured animals specific interventions. 3. Case studies or non-randomized clinical trials. 4. Randonmized clinical trials.
SAID principle Specific adaptations to imposed demands
Core Goals of Rehab structural integrity, pain-free joints and muscles, joint flexibility, muscular strength, muscular endurance, muscular speed, motor skill, muscular power, agility, and cardiorespiratory endurance.
Shotgun approach Patient tx with every possible modality in the hope that one will be effective.
Rifle approach more focused, patient tx with one or two specific modalities, targeted to achieve a particular goal.
Critical thinker approach patient focused, part of overall rehab plan, flexible, adaptable to patient's needs and progress.
Cookbook approach set modalities for certain injuries.
Keep records for how many years? 7
Five step application procedure 1. Background information 2. Preapplication parameters 3. Application procedures 4. Postapplication parameters 5. Maintenance
Absolute contraindications =contraindications
Relative contraindications =precautions
Why keep records? communication and quality control, legal considerations, research, injury history, traffic patterns
Injury record is a legal document
SOAP Subjective, objective, assessment, plan of treatment.
Subjective info gathered primarily from questioning the athlete about his or her present condition.
Objective reproducible info the AT gathers through tests or other evaluative measures. ex. laxity stress tests, ROM.
Assessment Clinician's professional judgement or impression of the injury
Plan Course of action that the athletic trainer and the patient will take to treat and rehab the injury; includes both short- and long-term goals.
What is pain? pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage.
Pain is the number one reason why individuals seek treatment
Function of pain warning for withdrawal, alert system that something is wrong, protects the injured body part.
Nerve transmits information via electrical signals from one part of the body to another.
Nerve fiber: cell with four parts dendrites, cell body, axon, branches
Tract bundle of axons that carries information as action potentials in one direction. --efferent and afferent
Afferent affects the spinal cord. goes in dorsal (back part of spinal cord). sensory
Efferent exits ventrally. sends the motor response.
Somatic motor nerves voluntarily
Autonomic motor nerves involuntarily
Synapse junction between two nerves
Neurotransmitters chemicals that transmit an impulse across a synapse
Lock and key neurotransmitters fit into specific receptors in the dendrites like a key fits into a lock.
Temporal summation summation over time
Spacial summation summation over space
Nociception ability to feel pain
Nociceptor= sensory receptor that responds to pain
A-delta fiber acute
C fiber chronic pain
pain receptors (nociceptors) are found all over the body
Mechanical= pressure
Thermal= radiant heat
Electrical= shock
Chemical= endogenous
Bradykinin= chemical mediators
Neuromatrix theory of pain pain tolerance etc.
Central control central to pain management
Father of modern othro rehab Ernst Dehne
Indirect get rid of source of pain (reduce swelling)
Direct deal with pain itself
Created by: danreid
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