| Question | Answer |
| Define middle ages | A new society emerged in heritage, religion, and Germanic tribes |
| What were three stages of knighthood? | Page, Squire, Knight |
| Name 2 inventions that changed western Europe warfare | Leather saddle and stirrups. |
| Define manor | The basic economic arangment |
| What is feudalism? | You do something for me and i do something for him. |
| What exchange took place between lords and vassals under the federal system? | Lords and vassals were never clear cut but they tried to use these relationships to their own advantage. |
| Why did lay investiture cause a struggle between kings and popes? | Church reformers felt that kings have that much power. |
| Why was Charles Martel's victory of the battle of Tours so important for Christianity? | If they didn't win, the Muslims could've made Western Europe a Muslim kingdom |
| Define tithe | A church tax |
| Define monasteries | religious communities and monks that gave up possessions and served god. |
| Describe the conflict between Pope Gregory VII and Henry IV and its outcome. | Gregory banned the lay inverstiture. Henry became angry and sent him a letter. Later Henry won. |
| Who was the leader of the Franks and was crowned Holy Roman Emperor in the year 800 AD? | Clovis |
| Who went to monasteries to live? Why? | Monks because they wanted to be closer to god. |
| How did Gregory I increase the political power of the pope? | He expanded power by being involved in the secualar power of politics. |
| Which invading peoples caused turmoil in Europe during the 800s? | The Vikings caused turmoil in Europe. |
| What are 3 effects or invasion of western Europe? | Disruption of trade
Loss of common language
Population shifts |
| Describe the stages of becoming a knight. | Knights were trained at a young age. When they were 14 they were squires. At age 21 they became full knights. |
| What was common subjects of troubadour's songs during the Middle Ages? | Troubadours sang about love and also love disappointments. |
| What are 3 reasons of the fall of the Roman Empire? | Poor leadership
Barbarian invasions
High unemployment |
| What was the significance of the pope's declaring Charlemagne emperor? | It Joined German power, the Church, and the heritage of the Roman Empire. |
| What duties did a lord of a manor and his serfs owe one another? | The lord gave the serf land for himself and shelter. In exchange the serf had to work on the land and he couldn't leave without permission from the lord. |
| What period of time is covered by the Middle Ages? | 500 AD to 1500 AD |
| What were three social classes of the feudal system? | King, vassals, peasants (serfs) |
| What was Charlemange's greatest achievement? | He built an empire greater than any other since ancient rome. |
| How did Otto the great make the crown stronger than the German nobles? | He formed a close alliance with the church and gained support form the bishops and Abbots. |
