| Question | Answer |
| What is the proteome | entire set of proteins expressed by a genome. |
| Why is the proteome larger than the genome | alternative RNA splicing and post translational
modification create different proteins from 1 gene |
| What is a protein polymer made up of | particular sequence of amino acids |
| Why is the order of AA important | This determines protein structure and function |
| What is the primary structure of proteins | specific order of AA |
| What is the secondary structure of proteins | Hydrogen bonding (along the backbone of the protein strand) |
| Name the 3 types of protein secondary structure | alpha helix
beta pleated sheet (parallel or anti parallel)
turns |
| What are the 4 groups that surround a central carbon on any amino acid | COOH (acid)
NH2 (base)
H
R group (this varies) |
| What are the four types of AA | acidic
basic
polar
non polar/hydrophobic |
| What functional group denotes an acid | COOH/COO- |
| What functional group denotes a base | NH2/NH3+ |
| What functional group is polar | OH |
| What AA are hydrophilic | polar, acidic and basic |
| What charge is on an ionised acidic AA | negative i.e. COO- |
| What charge is on an ionised basic AA | positive i.e. NH3+ |
| Tertiary structure of a protein involves between what parts of a AA | R groups |
| Name 3 types of interactions that occur at the tertiary/quatenary level | van der waal
ionic
disulphide bridge
hydrogen
hydrophobic |
| What type of interaction is covalent at tertiary or quaternary level | disulphide bridge |
| What is a prosthethic group | non protein unit tightly bound to a protein necessary for
its function |
| Give an example of a prosthetic group | Fe in haemoglobin for oxygen delivery |
| What is the different between tertiary and quaternary level of protein structure | tertiary R groups within one polypeptide whereas quaternary interactions involve interactions between R groups on different polypeptide chains |
