| QUESTION | ANSWER |
| ADENEXA REFERS TO | ACCESSORY ORGANS |
| A DROP IS DENOTED BY THE ABBREVIATION | gt |
| THE ABBREVIATION ung REFERS TO | OINTMENT |
| PROXIMAL IS A TERM THAT INDICATES A POINT | NEAR TO THE BODY |
| ADDUCTION MEANS | MOVEMENT TOWARD MEDIAN PLANE |
| ISCHEMIC CAN BE DEFINED AS | A decreased supply of oxygenated blood to the body part or organ |
| A cystocele | is a herniation of the urinary bladder |
| Nulli is a prefix that means | none |
| False is indicated by the prefix | pseudo |
| Tiny red or purple spots on the skin appearing as a result of small hemorrhages within the dermal or submucosal layers are called | petechiae |
| Kerato refers to | horny or cornea |
| The suffix lysis means | breaking down |
| The left eye is indicated by the following letters | OS |
| Tissue death is called | necrosis |
| The secretion of excessive sweat is also known as | diaphoresis |
| Which radiografphic procedure has the ability to make images in multiple planes | MRI |
| The abscence of a normal body opening, duct, or canal is called | Atresia |
| Epistaxis can be defined as | bleeding from the nose |
| Blood gas analysis is called | ABG |
| A ganglion is | collection of nerve endings |
| The lungs are covered in a serous membranous sac called the | visceral pleura |
| the passageway for food and liquids into the digestive system, and for air into the respiratory system, is the | pharynx |
| The vocal cords are located in the | larynx |
| The function of the trachea is to | conduct air to and from the lungs |
| The nasal cavity is divided into two portions by the | septum |
| The bones of the palm of the hand are referred to as | metacarpals |
| The muscles important in respiration are | intercostal |
| The thick, fan-shaped muscle that lies on the anterior chest is the | pectoralis major |
| The triangular muscle of the shoulder that abducts the arm is the | deltoid |
| which of the abdominal muscles orginigates at the pubic bone and ends in the ribs | *RECTUS ABDOMINIS |
| One of the principal muscle of the pelvic floor is the | levator ani |
| The gastrocnemius is the chief muscle of the | calf of the leg |
| A connective tissue band that holds bones together is called | ligament |
| The two bones that form the side walls and the roof of the cranium are the | parietal bones |
| The sternocleidomastoid muscle is located | along the side of the neck |
| The medial bone of the forearm, which is located on the small-finer side of the hand is called the | ulna |
| The bone that is shaped like butterfly and forms the anterior portion fo the base of the cranium is the | Sphenoid |
| The bone that forms the posterior portion of the skull is the | occipital |
| The lower jawbone is the | mandibule |
| The adult vertebral column has | 26 bones |
| The conjuntiva is | the covering of the anterior globe except the cornea |
| The part of the brain responsible for maintenance of balanced and muscle tone, as well as coordination of voluntary muscle is | the cerebellum |
| The area of the brain that controls the respiratory center is the | medulla oblongata |
| The largest part of the brain is the | cerebrum |
| The winding cone-shaped tube of the iner ear is the | cochlea |
| the vein in the bend of the elbow that is commonly used as a site for veinpuncuture is the | median cubital vein |
| The superior and inferior mesenteric arteries supply the | intestines |
| the vein that drains the veins of the chest wall and epties into the superior vena cava is the | azygos vein |
| The AV node causes | ventricular contraction |
| The descending aorta termiantes at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra, dividing into | two common iliac arteries |
| Tiny blood vessels that permeate and nourish tissue are called | capillaries |
| the reabsorption of water and electrolytes is the main function of the | large intestine |
| The terminal portion of the large intestine is the | anal canal |
| Which structure is known as the "fatty appron"? | greater omentum |
| The common bile duct is the union of the | cystic duct and hepatic duct |
| the function of the molar teeth is to | crush and grind food |
| mumps occur in the | parotid glands |
| The supporting structure of the male reproductive system is the | spermatic cord |
| Staphylococcus aureus would most likely be transmitted by | nose and mouth |
| Rod-like shaped bacteria are identified microscopically as | bacili |
| What organism is responsible for a boil | Staphylococcus aureus |
| the burn classification that is characterized by a dry, pearly white, or charred-appearing surface is | third degree burn |
| OSHA Is a governmental regulating agency whose aim is to | execute requirementes designed to prevent transmission of blood-borne pathogens in the work enviroment |
| A wound that is infected or one in which there is excessive loss of tissue heals by | secondary intention |
| the type of wound healing that requires debridement is | third |
| a drug that interferes with the blood clotting mechanism is | Heparin |
| An mg is a measurement of | weight |
| The solutios used intravenously to replace plasma when plasma is not available is | Dextran |
| a drug that increase blood pressure | epinephrine |
| the action of an anticholinergic drug is to reduce | secretions |
| Nalaxone (Narcan) is an example of a | narcotic |
| Avitene is | a hemostatic |
| An absorbable gelatin hemostatic agent that is often soked in thrombin or epinephrine solution is | Gelfoam |
| Each of the following agents must be applied using dry gloves or instruments EXCEPT | *GELFOAM, collastat, avitene, helistat |
| An anticoagulant given subcutaneously, intravenously or as a flush is | heparin |
| A drug that decreases the tendency of plood platelets to clot is | warfarin sodium |
| an antibiotic used intraoperatively is | Gentamicin |
| a topical antibiotic is | Bacitracin |
| An osmotic diuretic agent used to decrese cerebral edema and intraocular edema is | manitol |
| A systemic agent used to control uterine hemorrhage is | pitocin |
| Solu-Medrol is an | anti-inflammatory |
| Tubal patency may be tested by the installation of _________ into the uterine cavity | methylene blue |
| A mydriatic drug, Neo-Synephrine, is used to | dilate the pupil |
| Immobility of the eye, along with lowered intra-ocular pressure is facillitated by the use of | retrobulbar block |
| Miochol is a | miotic |
| Heparin effects are reversed by | protamine sulfate |
| Levophed | restores and maintains blood pressure |
| A drug used to trear metabolic acidosis is | sodium bicarbonate |
| Neuroleptoanalgesia combines | a tranquilizer and narcotic |
| The most frequently used barbiturate for intravenous anesthesia is | pentothal |
| Halothane is also called | Flouthane |
| The indication for an epidural would be | anorectal, vaginal, perineal and obstetric procedures |
| Compazine is | an antiemetic |
| Pontocaine is | tetracaine HCL |
| A drug used to reverse hypotension is | Levophed |
| A drug that could be used to reverse the effects of muscle relaxants is | Prostigmin |
| Which piece of ewuipment of extreme importnace when anesthesia induction begins | suction |
| The minimum distance a nonsterile person should remain from a sterile field is | 1 foot |
| Identify which of the following is not safe practice | sterile tables may be covered from later use |
| Tables are considered steril | only on the top |
| At the end of the case, drapes should be | checked for instruments, rolled off, and placed in a hamper |
| if a solution soaks through a sterile drape | cover wet area with imprevious sterile drape or towel |
| The pounds of pressure necessary in a steam sterilizer set at 250oF is | 15 - 17 |
| Positive assurance that sterilization conditions have been achieved can only be obtained through | biological control test |
| A wrapped tray of instruments is sterilized in a gravity displacement sterilizer at 250oF for | 30 minutes |
| The minimum exposure time for unwrapped instruments in a flash sterilizer that is set at 270oF (132oC) is | 3 minutes |
| When steam is used to sterilize a rubber tubing or catheter | a residual of distilled water should be left inside the lumen |
| To be sterilized effectively, a linen pack must not weigh more than | 12 pounds |
| gravity displacement utilizes _______ to destroy microorganisms | steam |
| The process called cavitation occurs in the | ultrasonic cleaner |
| All of the following statements regarding instruments sets are true EXCEPT | instruments must be placed in perforated trays, heavy instruments are placed ont he bottom, *ALL INSTRUMENTS MUST BE CLOSED, all detachable parts must be disassembled |
| all of the following statements regarding steam sterilization are true EXCEPT | flat packages are placed on the shelf on edge, small packages, placed one on top of the other, are criss-crossed, basins are placed on their sides, * SOLUTIONS MAY BE AUTOCLAVED ALONG WITH OTHER ITEMS AS LONG AS THEY ARE ON A SHELF ALONE |
| Wrapped basin sets may be sterilized by steam under pressure at 250oF for a minimum of | 20 minutes |
| Which of the following statements regarding the sterilization of basin sets is true | basins must be separated by a porous material if they are nested |
| Why would gas sterilization be chosen over steam sterilization | it is less damaging to items |
| The chemical agent used in gas sterilization is | ethylene oxide |
| What chemical system uses peracetic acid as the sterilant | steris |
| The lumen of a tubing undergoing ethylene oxice (EO) sterilization is | dried thoroughly |
| Why is ethylene oxide diluted with an inert gas such as chloroflurocarbon | it provides flame retardation |
| In a high-speed flash sterilizer, unwrapped instruments are exposed for a minimum of | 3 minutes |
| To kill spores, an item must be immersed in a 2% aqueous solution of glutaraldehyde for | 10 hours |
| "Slow exhaust" in a gravity displacement steam sterilizer is used for | solutions |
| Oil is best sterilized by | convection hot air |
| what is the function of an aerator in EO sterilization | it is a separate unit used to decrese the aeration time |
| Ethylene oxide destroys cells by | interfering with the normal metabolism of the protein and reporductive precesses |
| Activated glutaraldehyde is used to disinfect endoscopes for | 20 minutes |
| when using a high-level disinfectant, always | rinse items with sterile distilled water before using |
| the chemical sterilant used in the STERIS method of sterilizing is | peracetic acid |
| The Endoflush system | initially cleans reusable channeled instruments |
| Which of the following is not an acceptable wrapper for gas sterilizaation | nylon |
| Which of the following is the only acceptable plastic that can be used for a steam sterilization wrapper | polypropylene |
| an item dropped on the floor is considered safe only if | it is enclosed in an imprevious material |
| The room temperature in an OR should be | between 68 and 76oF |
| If an OR staff member wears eyeglasses | the glasses should be wiped with an antiseptic solution before each operation |
| The most effective protection from the radiation of x-rays is a | lead apron |
| It is considered good technique to | handle the mask only by the strings |
| sterile gloves | should be wiped off after donning to remove lubricant |
| electrical cords should be | removed from pathways so equipment is not rolled over them |
| Scatter radiation effects are directly related to | amount of radiation and length of exposure time |
| when using a patient roller, how many people are necessary to move the patient safely and efficiently | four |
| To move the patient from the transport stretcher to the OR table | one person stands next to the stretcher, one adjacent to the OR table, while the patien moves over |
| When moving a patient with a fracture in the OR< all of the following are true EXCEPT | extra personnel necessary, SUPPORT OF THE EXTREMITY SHOULD ALWAYS BE FROM BELOW THE SITE OF FRACTURE, lifters on the affected side support the fracture, the surgeon should be present |
| To avoid compromising the venous circulation, the restraint or safety strap should be placed: | 2 inches above the knee |
| A patient with a fractured femur is being moved to the OR table, who is responsible for supporting and protecting the fracture site? | the physician |
| Crossing the patient's arms across his or her chest may cause | interference with respiration |
| A precaution always taken when the patient is in the supine position is to | protect the heels from pressure on the OR table |
| During lateral position a | pillow is placed between the legs |
| To prevent strain to the lumbosacral muscles and ligaments when the patient is in the lithotomy position: | the buttocks must not extend beyond the table edge |
| When using an armboard, the most important measure is to | avoid hyperextension of the arm |
| Anesthetized patients should be moved slowly to | allow the circulatory system to adjust |
| If the patient is in a supine position, the circulator must always | see that the ankles and legs are not crossed |
| Diastolic blood pressure refers to | the relaxation phase between heartbeats |
| Systolic blood pressure represents | the greatest force caused by contraction of the left bentricle of the heart |
| tachycardia is a(n) | heartbeat over 100 beats per minute |
| the most common artery used to feel the pulse is the | radial artery |
| the body temperature taken orally is 98.6oF what is it in Celsius? | 37oC |
| which term indicates low or decreased blood volume? | hupovolemia |
| If the suregeon wants to assess the patient's ability to void voluntarily via the urethra, yet sees the need for urinary drainage, he could use a | Bonanno suprapubic catheter |
| When catheterizing a patient | the tip of the catheter must be kept sterile |
| in which burn classification are the skin and subcutaneous tissue destroyed | third |
| Uncontrolled increased positive pressure in one side of the thorax causes collapse of the opposite side, which is called | mediastinal shift |
| why is the obese patient at greater surgical risk than one of normal weight | fat has poor vascularity |
| when drawing a blood sample for ABG's what is considered a safe time laps between blood drawing and analysis | 10 minutes |
| The preop urinalysis test done on a patient inidicates that the specific gravity is 1.050 this | is above normal range and her or she is dehydrated |
| A type and crossmatch is done | if the surgeons anticipates in advance of the operation that blood loss replacement may be necessary |
| A patient scheduled for surgery has a hematocrit reading of 40% of whole blood volumen. This is | within normal range |
| Inherited deficiencies of coagulation in which bleeding occurs spontaneously after minor trauma is | hemophilia |
| Preoperative chest x-rays | should be done on all surgical patients |
| An electrocardiogram is | an electrical recording of heart activity |
| After being shceduled in the OR for a routine tonsillectomy, the nurese checking the chart of a patient notes that the hemoglobin is 9.0gr This reading is | below normal range |
| A microscopic blood exam that estimates the percentages of each type of white cell is called a | differential blood count |
| Operative records documenting all aspects of perioperative care are required by | JCHO |
| Except for endotracheal tube installation, basic life support cannot be interrupted for more than | 5 seconds |
| External caridac compression | provides oxygen to vital tissues |
| which action is the responsibility of the scrub person during an intraoperative CPR effort? | remain sterile, keep track of counted items, and assist as necessary |
| A pt was burned on the lip with a hot mouth gag. Which of the following actions would have prevented this incident | the scrub nurse cooled the item in a basin with sterile water |
| a pt signs a permission form for surgery, but because a language barrier he didn't understand what he has signed. This could constitute a liability case for | assault and battery |
| If a pt falls because he was left unattended, the OR team member could be cited in a lawsuit for | abandonment |
| Which is not considered a safe procedure when caring for dentures inadvertently sent to the OR | wrap in a plastic bag and attach to the patient's chart |
| A lack of care or skill that any nurse or tech in the same situation would be expected to use is the leagal definition of | negligence |
| The leagal doctrine that mandates every pfordessional nurese and tech to carry out theoir duties according to the nat. standards of care practiced throughout the country is | Doctrine of Resonable Man |
| The doctrine of Respondeat Superior refers to | employer liability for employee's negligent conduct |
| Liability is a legal rule that | holds each individuals responsible for his or her own actions |
| a criteria that identifies, measures, monitors and evaluates patient care is | quality assurance programs |
| In which way could a patient's response to impending surgery exchibit itself | tension and anxiety, fear and suspicion, anger and hostility, ALL OF THE ABOVE |
| Excessive exposure to radiation can affect the | reporductive organs |
| radiation exposure of the staff is monitored with | film badges |
| ionizing radiation protection is afforded by the use of | lead |
| a potential safety hazard associated with laser surgery is | eye injury |
| An OR hazard that has been linked to increased risk of spontaneous abortion in female OR employees is exposure to | waste anesthetic gas |
| Which virus can be transmitted by a needle puncture or splash in the eye | Hepatitis B |
| While using the mixture, a scavenging system is used to collect and exhaust or absorb its vapors, IT is called | methylmethacrylate |
| The best measure for staff protection against HIV is | handling all needles and sharps carefully and using barriers to avoid direct contact with blood and body fluids |
| Which body organ is most susceptible to laser injury | the eye |
| how is inhalation of the laser plume best prevented | with mechanical smoke evacuator or suction with a high efficiency filter |
