| Term | Definition |
| Ablation | to remove or destroy especially by cutting or abrading. |
| Anuria | absence of or defective urine excretion. |
| Azot/o | nitrogenous waste |
| Azotemia | accumulation of nitrogenous waste in the bloostream. |
| Bacteriuia | presence of bacteria in the urine. |
| BPH | Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy |
| Cele | suffix for protrusion. |
| Cyst/o | bladder |
| Cystitis | inflammation f the urinary bladder |
| Cystocele | hernia of a bladder and especially the urinary bladder |
| Cystolith | a urinary calculus. |
| Cystoscopy | the use of a cystoscope to examine the bladder. |
| Dialysis | either of two medical procedures to remove waste or toxins from the blood and adjust fluid and electrolyte imbalances by utilizing rates at which substances diffuse through a semipermeable membrane. |
| Siuresis | an increased excretion of urine. |
| Ectasis | suffix for dilated. |
| End-Stage Renal Disease | final stage of kidney failure (as that resulting from diabetes, chronic hypertension, or glomerulonephritis) that is marked by the complete or nearly complete irreversible loss of renal function. |
| Enuresis | an involuntary discharge of urine. |
| Epispadias | a congenital defect in which the urethra opens upon the upper surface of the penis |
| ESWL | Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy |
| Genic | suffix for produced by |
| Glomerulonephritis | acute or chronic nephritis that involves inflammation of the capillaries of the renal glomeruli, has various causes (such as streptococcal infection , lupus, or vasculitis)or may be of unknown cause, marked by blood or protein in urine. |
| Hemodialysis | process of removing blood from an artery (as of a kidney patient), purifying it by dialysis, adding vital substances, and returning it to a vein. |
| Hydronephrosis | cystic distention of kidney caused by accumulation of urine in the renal pelvis as a result of obstruction to outflow and accompanied by atrophy of the kidney structure and cyst formation. |
| Hydroureter | abnormal distension of the ureter with urine. |
| Hypospadias | an abnormality of the penis in which the urethra opens on the underside. |
| Incontinence | inability of the body to control the evacuative functions. |
| Interstitial Cystitis | a chronic idiopathic cystitis characterized by painful inflammation of the subepithelial connective tissue and often accompanied by Hunner's ulcer. |
| Intravenous Pyelogram | a pyelogram in which radiographic visualization is obtained after intravenous administration of a radiopaque medium which collects in and is excreted by the kidneys. |
| Lith/o | stone |
| Lithiasis | suffix for condition of stones. |
| Meat/o | meatus |
| Nephr/o | kidney stone |
| Nephrogram | x-ray record of the kidney |
| Nephrolith | kidney stone |
| Nephrolithiasis | a condition marked by the presence of renal calculi |
| Nephrology | branch of medicine involved in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of the kidney. |
| Nephrons | a single excretory unit especially of the vertebrate. |
| Nephropathy | an abnormal state of the kidney. |
| Nephroptosis | abnormal mobility of the kidney. |
| Nephrostomy | the surgical formation of an opening between a renal pelvis and the outside of the body. |
| Nephrotic Syndrome | an abnormal condition that is marked especially by a deficiency of albumin in the blood and excess excretion of protein in the urine. |
| Noct/o | night |
| Olig/o | scanty |
| Oliguria | reduced excretion of urine |
| Peritoneal Dialysis | a procedure performed in the peritoneal cavity in which the peritonieum acts as the semipermeable membrane. |
| Polycystic Kidney Disease | either of two hereditary diseases characterized by gradually enlarging bilateral cysts of the kidney which lead to reduced renal functioning. |
| Polyuria | ecessive secretion of urine. |
| Protatism | a disorder resulting from obstruction of the bladder neck by an enlarged prostate gland. |
| Pyel/o | renal pelvis |
| Pyelogram | x-ray record of the renal pelvis. |
| Pyeloplasty | plastic surgery of the renal pelvis of a kidney. |
| Pyelotomy | surgical incision into the renal pelvis of a kidney. |
| Pyuria | presence of pus in the urine. |
| Ren/o | renal |
| Stricture | narrowing of a passageway in the urinary system. |
| Tripsy | suffix for surgical crushing. |
| Ur/o | urine |
| Uremia | accumulation in the blood of constituents normally eliminated in the urine that produces a severe toxic condition and usually occurs in severe kidney disease. |
| Ureter/o | ureter |
| Ureterectasis | dilation of a ureter. |
| Ureterolith | ureter stone. |
| Ureterorraphy | the surgical operation of suturing a ureter. |
| Urethr/o | urethra |
| Urethralgia | urethral pain. |
| Urethritis | inflammation of the urethra. |
| Urethropexy | surgical fixation to nearby tissue of a displaced urethra that is causing incontinence by placing stress on the opening from the bladder. |
| Urethrotomy | surgical incision into the urithra especially for the relief of stricture. |
| Urin/o | urine |
| Urology | branch of medicine involved in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of the urinary system. |
| Wilms Tumor | a malignant tumor of the kidney that primarily affects children and is made up of embryonic elements (also known as a nephroblastoma). |
