| Question | Answer |
| Critical Respiratory Assessment Components: what do you assess? | Rate ;
WOB ;
Depth ;
O2 sat ;
LOC ;
Cyanosis (late sign) |
| What other labs or tests are critical? | ABGS and Chest Xray and Hbg/Hct |
| Preparing for Intubation: what equipments? | Oxygen mask (100% NRB) ;
Resuscitation Bag (ambu bag reservoir with oxygen source) ;
Endotracheal tube (ETT) (sample) |
| Risks of Intubation ? | Esophageal Intubation ;
Right Mainstem intubation ;
Ruptured Trachea or Bronchus ;
Aspiration of blood or gastric contents ;
Tooth damage or loss (and aspiration) ;
Hypoxemia ;
Tracheal stenosis, erosion, necrosis ;
Cardiac arrhythmias |
| ETT Tube to deep what is problem? | right lung intubation |
| How to confirm ETT? | - Auscultate for bilateral breath sounds
- measure and secure the tube
- confirm by X-ray |
| what is Chemical Restrains Short acting for ETT insert? | Succinylcholine |
| Succinylcholine cause? | causes bradycardia, respiratory depression, apnea and ↑K+
Wears off in about 5 – 7 minutes |
| what is Chemical Restrains long acting for ETT insert? | Vecuronium |
| Vecuronium cause? | watch electrolyte levels, acid base balance and hepatic function before and after administration |
| Indications for Mechanical Ventilation | Respiratory failure due to:
ARDS, Pneumonia, CHF ;
Respiratory center depression
Stroke, head injury, drugs
;Neuromuscular disturbances
Guillian-Barre, multiple sclerosis, SCI, myasthenia gravis |
| what are the parameters of the ventilator? | FiO2, tidal volume, pressures such as inspired pressure and positive end expiratory pressure and frequency |
| How big a breath does the vent give or patient take? Tidal volume | appr 6-10ml/kg |
| normal setting rate? | 12-20 |
| Fio2 setting range? | 21-100% |
| PEEP ? | minimum 5-10 |
| PS minimum? | 7-10 |
| PS setting? | 10-30 normal 10-20 |
| Ventilator Adjustments: how to increase Oxygenation? | Increase FiO2 ;
Increase PEEP ;
Increase PS |
| Ventilator Adjustments: how To increase Ventilation? | Increase Rate ;
Increase Tidal Volume |
| what reasons when Ventilator Alarms: for High Pressure | increase airway resistance; decreaselung compliance |
| what reasons when Ventilator Alarms: for Low Pressure ? | Loose tubing connections ;
Disconnected circuit ;
Extubation |
| what make Increased resistance? | bent ventilator tubing or ETT, excessive water in tubing, excessive secretions, bronchospasm, airway edema |
| what make Decreased lung compliance? | pneumothorax, mainstem intubation, severe atelectasis, ARDS or CHF |
