| Question | Answer |
| incest | deviant sexual attration (pedophilia) directed toward a family member; often the attraction of a father toward a daughter who is maturing physically |
| transvestic fetishism | paraphilia in which individuals, usually males, are sexually aroused or receive gratification by wearing clothing of the opposite gender |
| polysomnographic (PSG) evaluation | assessment of sleep disorders in which a client sleeping in the lab is monitored for heart, muscle, respiration, brain wve, and other functions |
| associative splitting | separation among basic functions of human personality (eg. cognition, emotion and perception) seen by some as the defining characteristic of schizophrenia |
| male erectile disorder | recurring inaility in some men to attain or maintain adequate peile erection until cmpletion of sexual activity |
| rapid eye movement sleep (REM) | periodic intervals of sleep during which the eyesmove rapidly from side to side, and dreams occur, but the body is inactive |
| primary insomnia | difficulty in initiating, maintaining, or gaining from sleep, not related to other medical or psychological problems |
| schizotypal personality disorder | cluster A (odd) personality disorder involving a pervasive pattern of interpersonal deficits featuing acute discomfort with, and reduced capacity for, close relationships, as well as cognitive or perceptual distortions ad eccentricities of behavior |
| orgasmic reconditioning | learning procedure to help clients strengthen appropriate patterns of sexual arousal by pairing appropriate stimuli with the pleasurable sensations of masturbation |
| flat affect | apparently emotionless demeanor (including toneless speech and vacant gaze) when a raction would be expected |
| schizophrenia | devastating psychoti disorder thatmay involve characteristic disturbances in thinking (delusions), perception (hallucinations), speech, emotions, and behavior |
| gender nonconformity | boys who behave in feminine ways and girls who behave in masculine ways |
| narcolepsy | sleep dirorder involving sudden and irresistable sleep attacks |
| sleepwalking | parasomnia that involves leaving the bed during nonrapid eye movement sleep |
| brief psychotic disorder | psychotic disturbances involving delusions, hallucinations, or disorganized speech or behavior but lasting less than 1 month; often occurs in reaction to a stressor |
| catatonic type of schizophrenia | type of schizophrenia in which motor disturbances (rigidity, agitation, and odd mannerisms) predominate |
| covert sensitization | cognitive-behavioral intervention to reduce unwanted behaviors by having clients imagine the extremely aversive consequences of the behaviors and establish negative rather than positive associations with them |
| avolition | apathy, or the inability to initiate or persist in important activities |
| delusional disorder | psychotic disorder featuring a persistent belief contrary to reality (delusion) but no other symptoms of schizophrenia |
| sexual dysfunction | sexual disorder in which the client finds it difficult to function adequately while having sex |
| residual type of schizophrenia | diagostic category or people who have experienced at least one episode of schizophrenia and who no longer display its major symptoms but still show some bizarre thoughts or social withdrawal |
| dementia praecox | latin term meaning "premature loss of min," an early label for what is now called schizophrenia, emphasizing the disorder's frequent appearance during adolescence |
| sleep apnea | disorder involvig brief periods when breahing ceases during sleep |
| heterosexual behavior | sexual activity with members of the opposite gender |
| schizoaffective disorder | psychotic disorder featuring symptoms of both schizophrenia and major mood disorder |
| night eating syndrome | consuming a third or more of daily food intake after the evening meal and getting out of bed at least once during the night to have a high-calorie snack. in the morning, person is not hungry and does not eat bfast. they do not binge and seldom purge |
| premature ejaculation | recurring jacultion before the person wishes it, with minimal sexual stimulation |
| homosexual behavior | sexual activity with members of the same gender |
| inhibited orgasm | inability to achieve orgasm despite adequate sexual desire and arousal; commonly seen in women but relatively rare in men |
| voyeurism | paraphilia in which sexual arousal is derived from observing unsuspecting individuals undressing or naked |
| hebephrenia | silly and immature emotionality, a characteristic of some types of schizophrenia |
| circadian rhythm sleep disorders | sleep distrubances resulting in sleepiness or insomnia, caused by the body's inability to synchronize its sleep patterns with the current pattern of day and night |
| shared psychotic disorder (folie a deux) | psychotic disturbance in which individuals develop a delusion similarto that of a person with whom they share a close relationship |
| actigraph | small, electronic device that is worn on the wrist like a watchand records body movements. this can be used to record sleep-wake cycles |
| pedophilia | paraphilia involving strong sexual attracton toward children |
| paranoid type of schizophrenia | type of schizophrenia in which symptoms primaryily inolve delusions and hallucinations; speech and motor and emtional behavior are relatively intact |
| hypoactive sexual desire disorder | apparent lack of interest in sexual activity or fantasy that would not be expected considering the person's age and life situation |
| binge | relatively brief episode of uncontrolled, excessive consumption, ususlly of food or alcohol |
| male orgasmic disorder | recurring delay in or absence of orgasm in some men following a normal sexual excitement phase, relative to age and current stimulation. aka inhibited orgasm |
| dyssomnias | problems in getting to sleep or in obtaining sufficient quality sleep |
| female orgasmic disorder | recurring delay or absense of orgasm in some women following a normal sexual excitement phase, reative to their prior experience and current stiumation. aka inhibited orgasm |
| negative symptoms | less outgoing symptoms, such as flat affect and poverty of speech, displayed by some people with schizophrenia |
| schizophreniform disorder | psychotic disorder involving the symptoms of schizophrenia but lasting less than 6 months |
| expressed emotion (EE) | hostility, criticism, and overinvolvement demonstrated by some families toward a family member with a psychological disorder. this can often contribute to the person's relapse |
| psychotic behavior | severe psychological disorder cateogry characterized by hallucinations and loss of contact with reality |
| parasomnias | abnormal behaviors such as nightmares or sleepwalking that occur during sleep |
| token economy | social learning behavior modification system in which individuals earn items they can exchange for desired rewards by displaying appropriate behaviors |
| inappropriate affect | emotional displays that are improper for the situation |
| paraphilias | sexual diorders and deviations in which seual arousal occurs almost exclusively in the context of inappropriate objects or individuals |
| anhedonia | inability to experience pleasure, associated with some mood and schizophrenic disorders |
| sex reassignment surgery | surgical procedures to alter a person's physical anatomy to conform to that peron's psychological gender issues |
| bulimia nervosa | eating disorder involving recurrent episodes of uncontrolled excessive (binge) eating followed by compensatory actions to remove the food (eg. deliberate vomiting, laxative abuse, and excessive exercise) |
| sexual sadism | paraphilia in which sexual arousal is associated with inflicting pain or humiliation |
| vaginismus | recurring involuntary muscle spasms in the outer third of the vagina that interfere with sexual intercourse |
| microsleeps | shrt, seconds-long periods of sleep that occur in people who have been deprived of sleep |
| fetishism | long-term, recurring, intense sexually arounsing urges, fantasies, or behavior involving the use of nonliving, unusual objects, which cause distress or impairment in life functioning |
| binge-eating disorder (BED) | pattern of eating involving distress0inducing binges not folowed by purging behaviors; being considered as a new DSM diagnostic category |
| undifferentiated type of schizophrenia | category for individuals who meet the criteria for schizophrenia but not for one of the defined subtypes |
| paranoia | people's irrational beliefs that thy are especially important (delusions of grandeur) or that other people are seeking to do them harm |
| disorganized type of schizophrenia | type of schizophrenia featuring disrupted speech and behavior, disjointed delusions and hallucinations, and silly or flat affect |
| breathing-related sleep disorders | sleep disruption leading to excessive sleepiness or insomnia, caused by a breathing problem such as interrupted (sleep apnea) or labored (hypoventilation) breathing |
| sexual aversion disorder | extreme and persistent dislike of sexual contact or similar activities |
| female sexual arousal disorder | recurrent inability in ome women to attain or maintain adequate lubrication and sexual excitement swelling responses until completion of sexual activity |
| double bind communication | according to an obsolete, unsupported theory, the practice of transmitting conflicting messages that was thought to cause schizophrenia |
| disorganized speech | style of talking often seen in people with schizophrenia, involving incoherence and a lack of typical logic patterns |
| obesity | excess body fat resulting in a body mass index (BMI, a ratio of weight to height) of 30 or more |
| exhibitionism | sexual gratification attained by exposing gentials to unsuspecting strangers |
| purging techniques | in the eating disorder bulimia nervosa, the self-induced vomiting or laxative abuse used to compensate for excessive food ingestion |
| sexual pain disorders (dyspareunia) | recurring genital pain in either males or females before, during, or after sexual intercourse |
| hypersomnia | abnormally excessive sleep. a person with this condition will fall asleep several times a day |
| schizophrenogenic mother | according to an obsolete, unsupported theory, a cold, dominating, and rejecting parent who was thoughtt cause schizophrenia in her offspring |
| anorexia nervosa | eating disorder characterized by recurrent food refusal, leading to dangerously low body weight |
| frotteurism | paraphilia in which theperson gains sexual gratification by rubbing against unwilling victims in crowds from which they cannot escape |
| positive symptoms | more overt symptoms, such as delusions and hallucinations, displayed by some people with schizophrenia |
| bariatric surgery | surgical approach to extreme obesity, usually accomplished by stapling the stomach to create a small stomach pouch or by bypassing the stomach through gastric bypass surgery |
| nightnames | frightening and anxiety-provoking dreams occurring during rapid eye movement sleep. the individual recalss the bad dreams and recovers alertness and orientation quickly |
| sleep terrors | episodes of apparent wakening from sleep, accompanied by signs of panic, followed by disorientation and amnesia for the incident. these occur during nonrapid eye movement sleep and so do not involve frightening dreams |
| catatonia | disorder of movement involving immobility or excited agitation |
| sexual masochism | paraphilia in which sexual arousal is associated with experiencing pain or humiliation |
| alogia | deficiency in the amount or content of speech, a disturbance often seen in people with schizophrenia |
| sleep efficiency (SE) | percentage of time actually spent sleeping of the total time spent in bed |
| catatonic immobility | disturbance of motor behavior in which theperson remains motionless, sometimes in an awkward posture, for extended periods |
