| Question | Answer |
| Factors that cause prejudice | Social influence
inter-group competition
Social categorization
Just world phenomenon |
| Social influence | Social influence is the way in which individuals adjust their behaviour to meet the demands of a social environment
All cases involve a degree of pressure from others, which can be real or imagined
conformity, socialisation, peer pressure, Obedience |
| inter-group competition | Intergroup competition occurs when members of different groups compete for scarce, but valuable resources
negative towards those that have & those that dont (potential threat) |
| Social categorisation | process of identifying a person as a member of a certain group because of features they share. Features they share, may be subtle - accent, gender
Stereotypes are a form of social categorisation (shared features) |
| Just world phenomenon | It is assumed that people get what they deserve
People who have more money, consider that it is because they have worked hard ‘have nots’ are poorly because they are lazy and ignorant
‘haves’ can justify the inequalities in their own mind |
| Factors that reduce prejudice | Intergroup contact
mutual interdependence
superordinate goals
equality of stasis |
| Intergroup contact | Increase direct contact between two groups who are prejudiced against each other
right conditions, close & ongoing, equal status, if have to rely on each other
sustained contact |
| Sustained contact | Ongoing contact either directly or indirectly over a period of time will break down a stereotype hat was substantially based on minimal information obtained from secondary resources
Contact hypothesis |
| Contact hypothesis | Gordon allport in 1954
direct contact can reduce prejudice. Close prolonged contact of a direct nature leads to re-evaluation of incorrect stereotypes about the other group and its members, thereby reducing stereotypes and prejudices |
| mutual interdependence | Where the two different groups mus thave contact that makes them dependent on each other
As noted in the experiment - where ultimately the boys were finally put together to work towards a common goal
water, movie food truck |
| Superordinate goals | A goal that cannot be achieved by any one group alone and overrides other existing goals which each gorup might have
Improve but not immediately |
| status of group | The status of a group refers to the importance of the groups when compared with another group as perceived by members of the group making the comparison |
| Equality of stasis | When members of both groups perceive their group and the other group as having equally importance
This can influence prejudice, particularly when one group views themselves as having highr or lower status |
| Stereotypes are a form of social categorization | they are based on what others think of as shared features. These are used to put people in boxes - making them seem moore similar than they actually are |
