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Laboratory Tests

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Created by: whitemaPAche

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Panel	Tests	Purpose	Department
BMP (Basic Metabolic Panel)	BUN Calcium Creatinine Electrolytes Glucose	general metabolic screen	chemistry
Coronary Risk or Lipid Panel	Cholesterol HDL (High-density lipoprotein) LDL (Low-density lipoprotein) Triglycerides BNP (B-type natriuretic Peptide)	assesses risk for heart disease	chemistry
Electrolytes	Bicarbonate Chloride Potassium Sodium	evaluates levels of ions in the blood	chemistry
General health or CMP (Comprehensive Metabolic Panel)	ALP (alkaline phosphatase) AST (aspartate aminotransferase) Bilirubin BMP Total protein or albumin	assesses overall health standard of patient	chemistry
Glucose	2-hr PPBS FBS (fasting blood sugar) GTT (glucose tolerance testing) Hb A1c (glycosylated hemoglobin)	assesses risk for diabetes mellitus	chemistry
LFTs (Liver Function Panel)	ALT (alanine aminotransferase) Albumin ALP (alkaline phosphatase) AST (aspartate aminotransferase) Bilirubin-conjugated Bilirubin-total Globulin Total protein GGT (gamma-glutamyl transferase)	assesses liver function	chemistry
MI	CK total CK-MB fraction Myoglobin TnT (Troponin T) Troponin I	determines occurrence and timing of MI	chemistry
Renal Disease	Albumin Creatinine clearance Phosphorus	assesses kidney function	chemistry
Pancreas	Amylase Lipase	assessment of pancreatic function	chemistry
Drug tests	Drugs of abuse Alcohol	detection of drugs and their metabolites in urine	chemistry
CBC	WBC RBC Hb Hct MPV MCV MCH MCHC RCW Plt diff	self explanatory MPV - assesses platelet volume and size MCV - size of average RBC MCH - average amount of Hb in RBC MCHC - ratio of Hb to size of RBC RDW - range of sizes of RBCs diff - classifies and counts types of WBC, shape of RBC and platelets	hematology
-	Body fluid analysis	determines number and types of cells in body fluids	hematology
-	Bone marrow	determines number and types of cells in bone marrow	hematology
-	ESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate)	determines sedimentation rate of RBCs as test for inflammation	hematology
-	Reticulocyte count	evaluates bone marrow delivery of RBCs into the peripheral circulation	hematology
-	Sickle cell (solubility test)	determines if RBCs containing hemoglobin S are present to diagnose sickle cell anemia	hematology
Flow cytometry	CD4/CD8 CD34, CD33, CD41, CD19, CD2 Bone marrow cell markers	identifies cellular markers on surface of WBCs to determine lymphocyte subclasses in patients with AIDS and tracks health of patients with HIV	hematology
-	Gram stain	screens microorganisms for gram pos/neg	microbiology
-	C&S (Culture and Sensitivity)	bacteria or fungal infection	microbiology
-	AFB Stain (Acid Fast Bacillus)	identify TB-causing microorganisms	microbiology
-	O&P (Ova and Parasites)	identify parasitic organisms in feces	microbiology
-	Cultures	media is used to grow and isolate microorganisms	microbiology
-	KOH	verifies presence of fungal elements	microbiology
-	Wet prep	verifies presence of fungal elements	microbiology
-	GC Stain	verifies presence of gonorrhea-causing microorganisms	microbiology
-	Anti-Haemophilus influenzae B antibody	detects exposure to Haemophilus influenzae B	serology/immunology
-	ANA (antinuclear antibodies)	detects autoimmune disease	serology/immunology
-	C-reactive protein	detects inflammatory disease	serology/immunology
-	Hepatitis surface antigen	detects hep B infection	serology/immunology
-	hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin	detects pregnancy	serology/immunology
-	RPR (rapid plasma reagin)	detects syphilis infection	serology/immunology
-	Rheumatoid factor	detects rheumatoid arthritis	serology/immunology
Urinalysis	Clarity Color Specific gravity Bilirubin Blood Glucose Ketones Leukocyte esterase Nitrite pH Protein Urobilinogen Cells and other structures	high bilirubin = liver disease high glucose = DM high ketones = DM or starvation Nitrite = bacterial infection high protein = kidney disease high urobilinogen = liver disease or hemolytic disorder	urinalysis and clinical microscopy