| Front | Back |
| What is the capsular pattern for the AC joint? | Pain at extreme of ROM |
| What are the open and close pack positions of the Hip joint? | Open: 30 Flexion, 30 Abduction, Slight lateral rotation.
Closed: Full extension, medial rotation |
| What are the open and close pack positions of the Glenohumeral joint? | Open: 55 Abduction, 30 Horizontal adduction
Closed: Abduction and Lateral Rotation |
| What are the contraindications to joint mobilization? (8) | Active disease, Infection, Advanced osteoporosis, Hypermobility, Fracture, Acute inflammation, Muscle guarding, Joint replacement. |
| What are the open and close pack positions of the metatarsophalangeal, and IP (toe) joints? | Open: Neutral.
Closed: Full Extensions |
| What are the four articulations of the shoulder joint? | Sternoclavicular, Acromioclavicular, Glenohumeral and Scapulothoracic |
| What is the capsular pattern for the SI, symphysis pubis and sacrococcygeal joints? | Pain w/ joint stress |
| What are the open and close pack positions of the metacarpophalangeal joints? | Open: Slight flexion
Closed: Full flexion (fingers) Full opposition (thumb) |
| What is the capsular pattern for the midtarsal joints? | DF > PF > Add > Medial rotation |
| What are the open and close pack positions of the facet joints? | Open: Midway between flexion and extension.
Closed: Extension |
| What is the capsular pattern for the Knee? | Flexion > Extension (FE) |
| What are the stabilizing ligaments of the knee? | ACL, PCL, MCL, LCL, Deep medial capsular ligament |
| What are the open and close pack positions of the A/C joint? | Open: Arm resting by side in normal position
Closed: 90 Abduction |
| What are the open and close pack positions of the Ulnohumeral joint? | Open: 70 Flexion, 10 Supination
Closed: Extension |
| What is the capsular pattern for the distal radioulnar joint? | Full ROM, with pain at extremes of rotation |
| What type of joint is the elbow? | Hinge |
| What is the most commonly sprained ligament in the ankle? | The Anterior Talofibular, (inversion sprain) |
| What do Golgi-Mazzoni Corpuscles sense? | Compression of the joint capsule. |
| What is the capsular pattern for the proximal radioulnar joint? | Flexion > Extension > Supination > Pronation (FESP) |
| What are the medial ligaments of the ankle? | Deltoid ligaments (Anterior Tibiotalar, Tibionavicular, Tibiocalcaneal) |
| What are the lateral ligaments of the ankle? (5) | Anterior Tibiofibular, Anterior Talofibular, Calcaneofibular, Lateral talocalcaneal and Posterior Talofibular |
| What are the open and close pack positions of the Talocrural joint? | Open: 10 PF, midway between max inversion and eversion.
Closed: Maximum dorsiflexion. |
| What do Pacinian Corpuscles sense? Where are they located? | High frequency vibration, acceleration and high velocity changes in joint position. They are found in the fibrous layer of joint capsule in all joints. |
| What do Ruffini Endings sense, and where are they located? | They sense stretching of the capsule, and amplitude and velocity of joint position. They are located in the fibrous layer of the joint capsule, with greatest density in the proximal joints. |
| What are the open and close pack positions of the Midtarsal joints? | Open: Midway between extremes of ROM.
Closed: Supination. |
| What are the open and close pack positions of the Subtalar joint? | Open: Midway between extremes of ROM.
Closed: Supination. |
| What is the capsular pattern for the MC and IP joints? | Flexion > Extension (FE) |
| What are the open and close pack positions of the Tarsometatarsal joints? | Open: Midway between extremes of ROM.
Closed: Supination. |
| What are the open and close pack positions of the radiohumeral joint? | Open: Full extension, full supination
Closed: 90 flexion, 5 supination |
| What is the capsular pattern for the hip? | Flexion > Abduction > Medial rotation (sometimes MR is most limited) (FAbM) |
| What are the open and close pack positions of the Knee? | Open: 25 flexion.
Closed: Full extension, lateral rotation of tibia. |
| What are the open and close pack positions of the distal radioulnar joint? | Open: 10 Supination
Closed: 5 Supination |
| What type of joint is the ankle? | Hinge |
| What ligaments make up the Deltoid Ligament? | Anterior Tibiotalar, Tibionavicular, Tibiocalcaneal |
| What are the open and close pack positions of the proximal radiolulnar joint? | Open: 70 Flexion, 35 Supination
Closed: 5 Supination |
| What is the capsular pattern for the talocrural joint? | PF > DF |
| What is the capsular pattern for the first metatarsophalangeal joint? | Extension > Flexion (EF) |
| What structures provide stability of the hip joint? | Acetabulum, and the Iliofemoral Pubofemoral and Ischiofemoral ligaments. |
| What is the capsular pattern for the subtalar joint? | Limitation of varus ROM |
| What do golgi ligament endings do? | They sense tension or stretch on ligaments. |
| What are the normal ROM Requirements for normal gait? (Hip flex/ext, Knee flex, Ankle DF/PF) | Hip flex: 30, Hip ext: 15, Knee flex: 60, DF:10, PF: 20. |
| What are the open and close pack positions of the IP joints? | Open: Slight flexion.
Closed: Full extensions. |
| What are the open and close pack positions of the tmj? | Open: mouth slightly open.
Closed: clenched teeth. |
| What is the capsular pattern for the wrist? | Flexion = Extension limitation. |
| What type of joint is the knee? | Hinge |
| What ligaments reinforce the elbow? | Ulnar collateral and radial collateral |
| What is the capsular pattern for the humeroulnar joint? | Flexion > extension (FE) |
| What are the open and close pack positions of the carpometacarpal joints? | Open: Midway between abduction/adduction and flexion/extension
Closed: None listed |
| What is the capsular pattern for the TSpine & LSpine? | Side flexion = Rotation limitation > Extension |
| What is the convex/concave rule? | When convex moves on concave, roll and glid are opposite. Concave on convex, Roll and glide are the same. |
| Describe the four grades of joint mobilizations. | Grade I: Small amplitude movement @ beginning of range. Grade 2: Large amplitude movement within the range, but not reaching limits. Grade 3: Large amplitude movement performed to the limit of range. Grade 4: Small amplitude movement @ end range. |
| What are the free nerve endings found in joints sensitive to? | There are 2 types. One type is sensitive to non-noxious mechanical stress, and the other is sensitive to noxious mechanical or biochemical stimuli. |
