| Term | Definition |
| ab- | (away from) |
| supra- | (above) |
| sub- | (below, under) |
| ad- | (towards) |
| sym- , syn- | (together, joined) |
| ten/o ,tendin/o, tend/o | (tendon) |
| ankyl/o | (stiff or bent) |
| fasci/o fascia | (forms sheaths enveloping muscles) |
| fibr/o | (fibrous connective tissue) |
| kinesi/o | (movement, motion) |
| kyph/o | (hump) |
| lamin/o lamina | (thin, flat plate or layer) |
| leimy/o | (smooth [viseral] muscle that lines the walls of internal organs) |
| my/o , myos/o | (muscle) |
| myocardi/o | (heart muscle) |
| plant/o | (sole of the foot) |
| rhabdomy/o | (skeletal [striated] muscle connected to bones) |
| sarc/o | (flesh, connective tissue) |
| -algia | (pain) |
| -asthenia | (weakness) |
| -centesis | (surgical puncture to aspirate fluid) |
| -lysis | (loosening, separating, dissolution) |
| -oid | (resembling) |
| -osis | (abnormal condition) |
| -penia | (abnormal reduction) |
| -physis | (growth) |
| -sarcoma | (malignant tumor) |
| -trophy | (nourishment, development) |
| -schisis | (split, fissure) |
| -desis | (surgical fixation, fusion) |
| bradykinesia
(brăd-ē-kĭ-NĒ-sē-ă) | brady/kines/ia
condition of slow movement |
| dyskinesia
(dyskinesia) | dys/kines/ia
condition of difficult movement |
| dystrophy
(DIS-trŏ-fē) | dys/trophy
abnormal development |
| electromyogram
(ē-lĕk-trō-mī-ŎG-răm) | electr/o/my/o/gram
record of the electricity of the muscle |
| fibromyalgia
(fī-brō-mī-AL-j(ē-)ă) | fibr/o/my/algia
pain in the fibers of muscles |
| hyperkinesia
(hī-pĕr-kī-NĒ-zh(ē-)ă) | hyper/kines/ia
condition of excessive movement |
| hypertrophy
(hī-PĔR-trŏ-fē) | hyper/trophy
excessive development |
| myalgia
(mī-AL-j(ē-)ă) | my/algia
painful muscles |
| myasthenia
(mī-ăs-THĒ-nē-ă) | my/asthenia
muscle weakness |
| myeloma
(mī-ĕ-LŌ-mă) | myel/oma
tumor in the spinal cord |
| myorrhaphy
(mī-OR-ă-fē) | my/o/rrhaphy
suturing of a muscle |
| polymyositis
(pol-ē-mī-ŏ-SĪ-tĭs) | poly/myos/itis
inflammation of many muscles |
| rhabdomyolysis
(rab-dō-mī-OL-ĭ-sĭs) | rhabd/o/my/o/lysis
dissolution of a striated muscle |
| tendinitis
(ten-dĭ-NĪT-ĭs) | tendin/itis
inflammation of the tendon |
| tenomyoplasty
(tĕn-ō-MĪ-ō-plăs-tē) | ten/o/my/o/plasty
surgical repair of the tendon and muscle |
| tenorrhaphy
(tenorrhaphy) | ten/o/rrhaphy
suturing of a tendon |
| divisions | biceps, triceps, quadriceps |
| size | maximus (largest), minimus (smallest) |
| shape | deltoid (triangular), trapezious (trapezoid) |
| action | flexor (to flex), adductor (towards midline of body) |
