ch1-7
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| Psychology | the scientific study of behavior and mental process
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| mind | mental processes and our subject experiences
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| science | the operation of general laws, especially as obtained and tested through the scientific method
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| empiricism | the therory of knowledge that assumes that knowledge should be based on observation.
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| pseudoscience | information that appears scientific but is based on unsound scientific principles
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| philosophy | study of knowledge and exsistance
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| physiology | a branch of biology that studies internal biological processes
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| structuralism | the school of psyc that studies human experience by breaking it down into smaller pieces
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| introspection | examine ones own mental process
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| ancedotal evidence | a type of information that relies on unscientific observation
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| functionalism | school of psyc concerned with the purposes of behavior and mental process
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| eclectic model | an approch that pulls together multiple ways of examining a particular problem or question
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| biopsychosocial approach | theory recognizing three equally important aspects of human mental processes and behavior:biological, psychological, and social
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| levels of analysis | various ways of examining the same phenomenon
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| neuroscience | the study of the brain and nervous system, also called biological psychology
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| positron emission tomography PET | neuroscience imaging technique that uses radioactive glucose to indicate the areas of activity
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| functional magnetic resonance imaging fMRI | neuroscience imaging technique used to measure changes in blood flow
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| evolutionary psychology | a branch of psychology that examines the impact of natural selection on behavioral and mental processes
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| natural selection | varying success in reproduction resulting from the interaction of an organism with the environment
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| heritability | how much of a characteristic can be linked to genetics as opposed to the environment
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| psychoanalytical theory | a family of theories originated by freud that focuses on unconscious motivation
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| unconscious | according to freud thoughts memories feelings and wishes that reside outside of awareness
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| basic research | a type of research concerned with expanding knowledge, even if the knowledge has no practical application
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| applied research | a type of research concerned with solving everyday problems
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| empirical | research studies that gain information by carefully collecting observations & data
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| psychological science | research conducted on topics in the field of psychology
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| theory | overarching conception about how variables may cause behavior
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| hypothesis | a clear statement that can be shown to be true or false in an experiment
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| participant | a volunteer who agrees to take part in research studies also called a subject
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| journal | a publication containing articles written by scientists that are reviewed before publication by a group of peers
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| between subjects design | research plan which different people take part in differing aspects of the study and the different groups are compared
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| within subjects design | a research plan in which each subject takes part in every aspect of the study
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| reactivity | unintentionally altering natural behavior by attempting to measure it
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| replicable | results from a research study that appears the same when the study is repeated.
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| reliability | the consistency of the results when similar studies are performed
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| validity | the degree to which a research experiment captures what it claims to study
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| deception | to actively provide false info to participant
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| debriefing | the process by which any deception used by researchers is fully disclosed to participants at the end of a study
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| Semantic memory | memory for the meaning of material
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| concept | a building block or basic unit of knowledge
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| category | a cluster of similar concepts
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| conceptual hierarchy | organization of related concepts into levels of categories
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| semantic network model | organization of information that captures meaningful relationships between concepts
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| spreading activation | the links between concepts in memory help to access one given another
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| connectionist models | memory theories that capture the distributed interconnections between concepts
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| schema | organizer for information about events, people, and groups.
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| episodic memory | recall of your own personal experiences
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| flashbulb memory | an emotional or vivid event that appears to be well remembered
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