HBiology 1st Semester Final Study Guide, Gelbaum 1&2
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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show | the smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical properties of that element
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The Scientific method | show 🗑
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Hypothesis | show 🗑
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Theory | show 🗑
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Dependant | show 🗑
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show | in an experiment, the factor that is deliberately manipulated
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Controlled Experiment | show 🗑
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Matter | show 🗑
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show | a substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means; all atoms of an element have the same atomic number
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show | Cellular organization, Reproduction, Metabolism, Homeostasis, Heredity, Responsiveness, Growth and development
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Compounds | show 🗑
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Cohesion | show 🗑
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show | the attractive force between two bodies of different substances that are in contact with each other
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show | the intermolecular force occurring when a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom of one molecule is attracted to two unshared electrons of another molecule
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show | a subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is located in the nucleus of an atom; the number of protons in the nucleus is the atomic number, which determines the identity of an element
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Neutron | show 🗑
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show | a subatomic particle that has a negative charge
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Energy levels | show 🗑
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Atomic number | show 🗑
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show | the sum of the numbers of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
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Isotopes | show 🗑
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show | an isotope that has an unstable nucleus and that emits radiation
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show | stores heat efficiently, cohesion, adhesion, hydrogen bonds, polarity
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Covalent bond | show 🗑
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show | the attractive force between oppositely charged ions, which form when electrons are transferred from one atom to another
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show | the intermolecular force occurring when a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom of one molecule is attracted to two unshared electrons of another molecule
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show | a chemical reaction in which heat is released to the surroundings
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show | a chemical reaction that requires heat
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show | any compound that increases the number of hydronium ions when dissolved in water; acids turn blue litmus paper red and react with bases and some metals to form salts
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Bases | show 🗑
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show | a value that is used to express the acidity or alkalinity (basicity) of a system; each whole number on the scale indicates a tenfold change in acidity; a pH of 7 is neutral, a pH of less than 7 is acidic, and a pH of greater than 7 is basic
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show | a homogeneous mixture throughout which two or more substances are uniformly dispersed
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show | in a solution, the substance that dissolves in the solvent
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show | in a solution, the substance in which the solute dissolves
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Organic compounds | show 🗑
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show | Carbon usually bonds with hydrogen, oxygen, and other carbon atoms
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show | Monomers are joined together through dehydration, or water loss
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Hydrolysis | show 🗑
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show | a simple molecule that can combine with other like or unlike molecules to make a polymer
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Polymers | show 🗑
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Phospholipids | show 🗑
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show | a type of lipid that consists of four carbon rings to which various functional groups are attached and that usually has a physiological action
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show | composed of fatty acids and alcohol
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Proteins | show 🗑
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show | the chemical bond that forms between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid
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Enzymes | show 🗑
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show | the minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction
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Catalyst | show 🗑
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show | the reactant in reactions catalyzed by enzymes
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Active site | show 🗑
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Nucleic acids | show 🗑
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RNA | show 🗑
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show | deoxyribonucleic acid, the material that contains the information that determines inherited characteristics
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show | adenosine triphosphate, an organic molecule that acts as the main energy source for cell processes; composed of a nitrogenous base, a sugar, and three phosphate groups
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