UTA 3632 Foundations HESI Prep
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| show | pressure is put on the suprapubic area with each attempted void. The maneuver promotes bladder emptying by relaxing the urethral sphincter.
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| Goals should be | show 🗑
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| Fall Risk Factors | show 🗑
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| show | PCA/Opiates, Anticonvulsants, Antihypertensives, Diuretics, Hypnotics, Laxatives, Sedatives, and Psychotropics
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| show | Any Equipment That Tethers Patient (e.g., IV Infusion, Chest Tube, Indwelling Catheters, SCDs)
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| Patient-handling devices used to prevent lift injuries | show 🗑
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| Physiological risk factors | show 🗑
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| show | Open wounds, rectal surgery, episiotomy, painful hemorrhoids, muscle tension, vaginal inflammation, wound debridement
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| show | Direct trauma (sprains, strains, fractures, muscle spasms), superficial laceration or puncture wound, minor burn, suspected malignancy in area of injury or pain, injections, arthritis and joint trauma
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| show | Vasodilation, Reduced blood viscosity, Reduced muscle tension, Increased tissue metabolism, Increased capillary permeability
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| Physiological response to cold therapies | show 🗑
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| show | concept that, as individuals age, they are able to compensate for some decreases in physical or cognitive performance by developing new approaches.
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| Negative feedback process | show 🗑
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| Hypertension | show 🗑
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| show | 4.6-8.0
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| show | Protein in Urine. Caused by renal disease
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| show | Glucose in Urine. Caused by diabetes mellitus or ingestion of high concentratiosn of glucose
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| show | Ketones in urine. Caused by poorly controlled Diabetes mellitus, dehydration, starvation, or excessive aspirin usage
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| Normal Specific gravity of urine | show 🗑
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| Elevated Specific gravity of urine | show 🗑
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| Reduced Specific gravity of urine | show 🗑
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| show | Erythrocytes, hemoglobin, or myoglobin in urine. Caused by damage to glomeruli or tubules, trauma, disease, or surgery of the lower urinary tract. Blood in a routine urine specimen in a woman may be a result of contamination with menstrual fluid.
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| Elevated WBC in urine | show 🗑
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| Bacteriuria | show 🗑
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| Casts in urine | show 🗑
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| show | Result of food metabolism. Excess crystals such as uric acid or calcium phosphate result in renal stone formation.
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| show | 1200 to 1500 mL
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| Decreased urine output | show 🗑
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| Respiratory acidosis s/s | show 🗑
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| show | Impaired gas exchange (e.g., COPD, Pneumonia), Impaired neuromuscular function (e.g., resp muscle weakness d/t hypokalemia, chest injury), Dysfunction of brainstem respiratory control (e.g., drug overdose, central sleep apnea)
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| show | ph > 7.45, PaCO2 < 35mmHg, HCO3 normal (uncompensated) or < 22mEq/L (compensated), hyperventilation, light-headedness, paresthesias, excitement and confusion possibly followed by decreased LOC, cardiac dysrhythmias.
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| show | Hypoxemia, Acute pain, Anxiety, psychological distress, prolonged sobbing, Inappropriate mechanical ventilator settings, Stimulation of brainstem respiratory control: head injuries, meningitis, gram-negative sepsis, salicylate overdose
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| Metabolic acidosis s/s | show 🗑
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| show | Increase of metabolic acid (e.g., ketoacidis, hypermetabolic state, oliguric renal disease, cirulatory shock, ingestion of acid) or Decrease of base (e.g., diarrhea, pancreatic fistula or intestinal decompression, renal tubular acidosis)
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| show | ph > 7.45, HCO3 > 26 meq/L, PaCO2 normal (uncompensated) or > 45 mm Hg (compensated), Light-headedness, paresthesias; possible excitement and confusion followed by decreased LOC, cardiac dysrhythmias (may be caused by hypokalemia)
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| Metabolic alkalosis causes | show 🗑
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| Primary prevention | show 🗑
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| show | Early dx/prompt tx and Disability limitations
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| show | Restoration and rehabilitation
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| show | 30-min rest before eating, upright to eat, chin-down position, place food in strong side (if unilateral), thicken fluids, feed slowly, small bites. If cough/choke, remove food & provide oral suction if necessary.
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| Nutrition needs of immobile patient | show 🗑
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| Allostatic load | show 🗑
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| Delayed gastric emptying | show 🗑
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| show | false-high reading
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| show | false-low reading
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| show | Both blood pressure & pulse taken in each position: lying, sitting, and standing.
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| show | Orthostatic hypotension & tachycardia (decreased BP and increased pulse upon standing)
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| Correlation btwn weight loss/gain & fluid | show 🗑
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| show | Decreased hepatic blood flow decreases drug metabolism, increasing drug effect.
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| Lab test to monitor increase in free, unbound drug molecules | show 🗑
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| Pitting edema scale | show 🗑
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| show | Potassium
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| show | Potato, Grapefruit
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| Calorie requirements for average adult | show 🗑
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| Normal serum protein | show 🗑
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| Decreased serum protein | show 🗑
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| show | Milk, Eggs (including deserts: angel food cake, custard, cheesecake), Cheese, Meat/Poultry/Fish
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| When to begin feeding supplements | show 🗑
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| Cheyne-Stokes respiration | show 🗑
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| show | Respirations are abnormally deep, regular, and increased in rate. Common in diabetic ketoacidosis.
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| show | Respirations are abnormally shallow for two to three breaths followed by irregular period of apnea.
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| show | 36° to 38° C (96.8° to 100.4° F)
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| Degree Fever becomes harmful | show 🗑
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| show | 40° C (104° F) or more
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| show | below 35° C (95° F), usually caused by prolonged exposure to cold
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| Farenheit to Celsius conversion | show 🗑
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| Celsius to Fahrenheit conversion | show 🗑
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| show | 120-160
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| show | 90-140
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| show | 80-110
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| show | 75-100
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| show | 60-90
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| show | 60-100
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| show | 35-40
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| Normal Respiratory Rate (Infant 6 mos) | show 🗑
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| Normal Respiratory Rate (Toddler 2yrs) | show 🗑
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| show | 20-30
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| show | 16-20
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| show | 12-20
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| show | 40 (mean)
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| Normal BP (1 month) | show 🗑
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| Normal BP (1 year) | show 🗑
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| Normal BP (6 years) | show 🗑
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| show | 110/65
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| Normal BP (14-17 yrs) | show 🗑
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| Normal BP (18 yrs or older) | show 🗑
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| Prehypertension | show 🗑
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| show | Systolic 140-159 OR Diastolic 90-99
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| Stage 2 hypertension | show 🗑
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| show | Systolic BP falls to 90 mm Hg or below
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| show | Reduces frequency of coughs
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| Classes of antihypertenisives | show 🗑
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| show | Weight loss drugs & alcohol can lessen effect.
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| show | Can cause serious congenital problems, hyperkalemia, and angioedema. Shouldn't be suddenly stopped or taken with NSAIDs (aspirin/ibuprofen).
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| Classes of diuretics | show 🗑
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| show | Can cause significant hypokalemia. Sulfonamide dirivitives, assess for allergies.
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| Classes of Antianginal | show 🗑
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| show | After 1 sublingual nitroglycerin, wait 5 min and administer a 2nd one if pain is not resolved or is worse.
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| show | Statins (lipitor), Fibric acid derivatives, Niacin derivatives, Bile acid sequestrants, Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitor
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| show | Pregnancy category X (do not give). Inhibited by grapefruit juice.
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| show | Heart failure drugs (Digoxin)
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| show | Check apical pulse bef admin. Use Atropine as antidote for bradycardia.
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| Classes of coagulation modifiers | show 🗑
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| Coagulation Modifier considerations | show 🗑
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| Psychotherapeutic classes | show 🗑
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| Considerations for Antipsychotics | show 🗑
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| Considerations for SSRIs | show 🗑
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| show | Opiods (Morphine), Stimulants (Meth), Depresants (Marijuana), Alcohol (ETOH), Nicotine
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| Classes of Antiepileptic Drugs | show 🗑
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| show | Hematinic (iron, B12, Folic acid, epoetin alfa)
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| show | Fruit juice (vitamin C) increases absorption. Food, milk, or antacids decrease absorption. Can cause constipation.
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| show | NSAID (Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Tylenol), Opioids (Morphine, Demerol, Dilaudid, vicoden) Nonopioid Analgesic (tramadol)
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| Considerations for NSAIDS | show 🗑
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| show | Monitor respiratory status, for orthostatic hypotension, and constipation.
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| show | Glucocorticoids (Hydrocortisone, Prednisone, Flonase), Mineralcorticoids (fludrocortisone), Thyroid Agents (Synthroid), Antithyroid Agents (methimazole, propranolol)
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| show | Risk for Cushingoid appearance when used for 2 wks or longer. Don't stop abruptly (physiological crisis/death).
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| Normal WBC count | show 🗑
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| show | 5-35/min
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| show | 30mL/1oz
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| show | 8oz/1cup
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| Five stages of dying | show 🗑
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| show | Extremities cool; mottling of the legs; perspiration, increased sleeping, disorienation; incontinence, upper airway secretions; noisy respirations; restlessness; decreased intake of food & fluids; nausea
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| show | A positive sign is demonstrated when the client complains of pain in the calf upon dorsal flexion of the foot. Warning sign of possible thrombophlebitis.
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| show | hands on abdomen above belly button, breath in and make hands go up.
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| show | An individual's right of self-determination and freedom of decision making.
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| Beneficence | show 🗑
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| show | Doing no harm to clients.
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| Justice | show 🗑
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| show | Being loyal and faithful to commitments and accountable for responsibilities.
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| Veracity | show 🗑
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| Confidentiality | show 🗑
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| show | A right of limited physical or informational inaccessibility.
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| Serous Wound Drainage | show 🗑
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| show | thick, yellow, green, tan, or brown
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| Serosanguineous Wound Drainage | show 🗑
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| show | Bright red: indicates acive bleeding
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| show | Separation of the edges of a wound, revealing underlying tissues.
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| show | Thick layer of dead, dry tissue that covers a pressure ulcer or thermal burn. It may be allowed to be sloughed off naturally, or it may need to be surgically removed.
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| Evisceration | show 🗑
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| Induration | show 🗑
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| show | Wound closure in which the edges are separated; granulation tissue develops to fill the gap; and, finally, epithelium grows in over the granulation, producing a larger scar than results with primary intention.
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| show | Ringing heard in one or both ears.
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| show | redness when tissue is relieved of pressure. abnormal if lasts > 1hr and tissue does not blanch.
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| show | irregular or patchy discoloration of the skin.
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| Dependent rubor | show 🗑
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| Hydrocolloid dressings | show 🗑
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| show | dressing hydrates wounds and absorbs some smaller amounts of exudate. Hydrogel dressings are for partial-thickness and full-thickness wounds, deep wounds with some exudate, necrotic wounds, burns, and radiation-damaged skin.
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| Debridement | show 🗑
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| show | dressing traps moisture over wound. ideal for small superficial wounds such as partial-thickness wounds or to protect high-risk skin.
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| Wet-to-dry dressings | show 🗑
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| show | synthetic dressings placed over a wound to allow eschar to be self-digested by action of enzymes in wound fluids. (e.g., transparrent film & hydrocolloid.
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| Erikson's Infancy (birth to 18 months) | show 🗑
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| Erikson's Early Childhood (2 to 3 years) | show 🗑
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| Erikson's Preschool (3 to 5 years) | show 🗑
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| show | Industry vs. Inferiority School Children need to cope with new social and academic demands. Success leads to a sense of competence, while failure results in feelings of inferiority.
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| show | Identity vs. Role Confusion Social Relationships Teens need to develop a sense of self and personal identity. Success leads to an ability to stay true to yourself, while failure leads to role confusion and a weak sense of self.
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| Erikson's Young Adulthood (19 to 40 years) | show 🗑
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| Erikson's Middle Adulthood (40 to 65 years) | show 🗑
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| Erikson's Maturity(65 to death) | show 🗑
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| Normal Glucose Normal | show 🗑
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| Normal HbA1c Normal | show 🗑
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| show | <130 mg/dL
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| Normal HDL Cholesterol Normal | show 🗑
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| show | <150 mg/dL
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| Normal Serum Albumin Normal | show 🗑
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| show | 170 to 250 mg/dL
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| Normal Prealbumin Normal | show 🗑
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| show | <0.1 mg/dL
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| Normal Daily Oral Fluid Intake | show 🗑
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| show | 2200-2700 mL
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| show | 1200-1500 mL
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| show | 280-300 mOsm/kg
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| show | 10-25 mg/dL
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| Normal Sodium | show 🗑
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| Normal Potassium | show 🗑
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| Normal Chloride | show 🗑
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| Normal Calcium | show 🗑
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| show | 1.5-2.5 mEq/L
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| show | 2.7-4.5 mg/dL
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| Normal pH | show 🗑
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| show | 35-45 mm Hg
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| Normal PaO2 | show 🗑
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| Normal HCO3 | show 🗑
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| show | 95-100%
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| show | males—14 to 18 g/dL, females—12 to 16 g/dL
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| Normal Hematocrit Normal | show 🗑
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| show | 4.7 to 6.1 million/mm3, males; 4.2 to 5.4 million/mm3, females
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| Normal WBC | show 🗑
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| Normal Iron | show 🗑
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Created by:
camellia
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