RESP Symptoms
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| show | Subjective. Patient description. Measured by patient perception. Examples: pain, cough, SOB
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| Symptoms & Examples | show 🗑
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| What are the primary symptoms of cardiopulmonary disorders? | show 🗑
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| Cough | show 🗑
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| Cough is caused by: | show 🗑
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| show | Infection, lung abscess, drug reaction, allergy.
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| show | Inhaled dust, suction catheter, food
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| Possible causes of obstructive stimulation: | show 🗑
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| show | Inhaled irritant gases, fumes, smoke
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| show | Inhaled hot or cold air
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| Two pathways of cough: | show 🗑
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| show | 1. Inspiratory
2. Compression
3. Expiratory
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| show | Weakness of inspiratory/expiratory muscles. Inability of glottis to open/close correctly. Obstruction/alteration of shape of the airways. Decrease in lung recoil (emphysema). Abnormal quality of mucus.
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| Acute Clinical Presentation: | show 🗑
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| show | Persistent. Lasts > 3 weeks. Causes = asthma, COPD, GERD, chronic bronchitis, allergic rhinitis
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| show | Periodic. Prolonged, forceful episodes.
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| show | 1. Wheezing 2. Stridor 3. Chest Pain 4. Dyspnea
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| Complications of Cough: | show 🗑
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| show | 1. Sputum: secretions from tracheobronchial tree, pharynx, mouth, sinuses, nose
2. Phlegm: secretions from lungs and tracheobronchial tree
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| show | Mucus, cell debris, microorganisms, blood, pus, foreign particles
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| show | 100 mL/day
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| Abnormal Sputum Production | show 🗑
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| show | Sputum containing blood. (streaking to frank bleeding)
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| show | 1. Bronchopulmonary 2. Cardiovascular 3. Hematologic 4. Systemic disorders 5. Tuberculosis/fungal infection
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| Description of Hemoptysis | show 🗑
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| Hematemesis | show 🗑
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| Shortness of Breath | show 🗑
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| show | Subjective breathing discomfort. Sensory input to cerebral cortex.
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| show | Scale of 0 (no SOB) to 10 (max SOB). Visual Analog Scale. Modified Borg Scale. ATS SOB Scale. UCSD SOB Questionnaire.
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| show | 1. WOB abnormally high.
2. Ventilatory capacity reduced
3.Drive to breathe is elevated
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| show | 1. Cardiac/Circulatory - inadequate supply of O2 to tissues (during exercise)
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| show | 2. Psychogenic - panic disorder, not related to exertion.
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| show | 3. Hyperventilation - rate/depth exceeds body's metabolic need (results in hypocapnia/decreased cerebral blood flow)
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| show | Sudden dyspnea when sleeping (recumbent position), associated with coughing, sign of left heart failure
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| show | Dyspnea when lying down, associated with left heart failure
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| Trepopnea | show 🗑
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| show | Dyspnea when in upright position - seen in patients with right-to-left intracardiac shunts or venoarterial shunts.
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| Orthodeoxia | show 🗑
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| show | Cardiac ischemia, inflammation of thorax/abdomen, musculoskeletal disorders/trauma/anxiety, referred pain from indigestion
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| show | Angina
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| show | Inspiratory, sharp, and abrupt onset. Worsens with cough, sneeze, hiccup, laughter. Increases with pressure/movement.
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| show | Intercostal/pectoral muscles, well localized.
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| show | Temporary loss of consciousness because of reduced cerebral blood flow and O2.
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| Causes of Dizziness/Fainting | show 🗑
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| Most common type of Syncope | show 🗑
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| Orthostatic Hypotension (Dizziness/Fainting) | show 🗑
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| show | Hypersensitive carotid sinus - slows pulse rate, decreases BP
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| Tussive Syncope | show 🗑
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| Edema | show 🗑
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| Bilaterial Peripheral Edema | show 🗑
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| Euthermia | show 🗑
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| Causes for Fever | show 🗑
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| Intermittent Fever | show 🗑
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| show | Continuously elevated with wide, usually diurnal variations - In patients with Legionnaire's Disease, Acute viral Infections, and Mycoplasma Pneumonia.
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| Relapsing Fever | show 🗑
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| Fever and Pulmonary Infections | show 🗑
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| show | High-dose corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, Immunocompromised.
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| show | Cerebral hypoxia and hypercapnia - lung disease, high altitude
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| show | Hypercapnia - from affected alertness to coma.
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| show | Pulmonary Disorders - forgetfulness, inability to concentrate, anxiety, irritability
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| Snoring | show 🗑
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| Excessive Daytime Sleepiness | show 🗑
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| show | Heartburn/regurgitation. Gastroesophageal Reflux more then TWO times per week = GERD.
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| Assess symptoms to determine: | show 🗑
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| show | careful history, CXR, physical exam
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| Sputum, describe? | show 🗑
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| show | TB, acute/chronic bronchitis, bronchogenic carcinoma, bronchiectasis
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| Hemoptysis from? | show 🗑
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| Hematemesis from? | show 🗑
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| show | not breathing for more than 20 sec
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| Eupnea | show 🗑
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| +1 edema | show 🗑
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| show | 10-15 sec
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| +3 edema | show 🗑
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| +4 edema | show 🗑
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| High grade fever | show 🗑
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| show | 99.5-101 (37.5-38.2C)
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Created by:
hbcole10
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