Textbook of Radiographic Positioning and Related Anatomy Ch 1 Learning Exercises
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| The lowest level of structuaral organization of the human body is the: | show 🗑
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| Four basic types of tisues in the body: | show 🗑
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| show | Skeletal, Circulatory, Digestive, Respiratory, Urinary, Reproductive, Nervous, Muscular, Endocrine, Integumentary
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| Eliminates solid waste from the body | show 🗑
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| Regulates fluid and electrolyte balance and volume | show 🗑
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| show | Muscular System
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| show | Nervous System
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| show | Endocrine System
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| Eliminates carbon dioxide from the blood | show 🗑
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| show | Integumentary System
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| show | Reproductive System
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| show | Circulatory System
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| show | Skeletal System
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| show | True
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| This body system regulates body temperature: | show 🗑
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| show | Integumentary System
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| List the two divisions of the human skeleton | show 🗑
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| show | False (206)
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| show | False (appendicular skeleton)
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| True or False: The skull is part of the axial skeleton. | show 🗑
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| True of False: The pelvis is part of the appendicular skeleton. | show 🗑
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| List the four classifications of bones | show 🗑
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| The outer coveringof a long bone, which is composed of a dense, fibrous membrane, is called what? | show 🗑
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| show | Medullary Aspect
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| show | Periosteum
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| show | Primary growth center: the body (diaphysis) Secondary growth center: epiphyses
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| show | False (25 years)
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| show | Metaphysis
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| What are the three functional classifications of joints? | show 🗑
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| show | Fibrous, Connective, Synovial
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| show | Synovial Joint
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| Roots around teeth | show 🗑
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| Proximal radioulnar joint | show 🗑
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| show | Fibrous Joint
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| show | Cartilaginous Joint
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| show | Synovial Joints
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| show | Fibrous Joint
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| Intervertebral disk space | show 🗑
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| show | Cartilaginous Joint
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| show | Synovial Joint
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| What are the seven types of movement for synovial joints? | show 🗑
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| show | Sellar
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| show | Ginglymus
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| show | Spheroidal
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| Intercarpal joint | show 🗑
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| show | Ellipsoidal
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| Temporomandibular joint | show 🗑
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| show | Trochoidal
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| show | Trochoidal
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| Second interphalangeal joint | show 🗑
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| show | Sellar
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| Knee joint | show 🗑
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| show | Ellipsoidal
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| What is an image of a patient's anatomic parts as porduced by the actions of x-rays on an imager receptor? | show 🗑
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| What is the aspect of an x-ray beam that has the least divergence? | show 🗑
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| show | Anatomic Position
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| show | Mid-Sagittal Plane
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| the vertical plane that divides the body into equal anterior and posterior parts | show 🗑
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| A plane taken at right angels along any point of the longitudinal axis of the body | show 🗑
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| show | True
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| True or False: The Frankfort horizontal plane is also referred to as the midcoronal plane. | show 🗑
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| The direction or path of the central ray defines the following positions term | show 🗑
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| show | Position
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| show | True
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| True or False: Decubitus positions always use a horizontal x-ray beam | show 🗑
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| What is the name of the position in which the body is turned 90 degrees from a true anteriorposterior(AP) or posterioanterior(PA) projection | show 🗑
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| A patient is erect with the back to the image receptor. The left side of the body is turned 45 degrees toward the image receptor. What is this Position? | show 🗑
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| show | Right Anterior Oblique(RAO)
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| The patient is lying on his back. The x-ray beam is directed horizontally and enters the right side of the body and exits the left side of the body. An image receptor is placed against the left side of the patient. Which specific position has been used? | show 🗑
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| The patient is erect with the right side of the body against the image receptor. The x-ray beam enters the left side and exits the right side of the body. What position has been preformed? | show 🗑
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| A patient is lying on the left side of a cart. The x-ray beam is directed horizontally and enters the posterior surface and exits the anterior aspect of the body. The image receptor is against the anterior surface. Which specific position has been perform | show 🗑
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| show | Palmar
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| Lying on the back facing upward | show 🗑
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| show | Erect
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| Lying down in any position | show 🗑
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| Front half of the patient | show 🗑
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| show | Dorsum Pedis
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| show | Fowlers
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| show | Plantar
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| Position in which the head is lower than the feet | show 🗑
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| show | Posterior
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| What is the name of the projection in which the central way enters the anterior surface and exits the posterior surface | show 🗑
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| show | Axial Projection
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| The specific position that demonstrates the apices of teh lungs, without superimposition of the clavicles | show 🗑
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| show | True
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| show | False(inward, toward midline)
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| Anteroposterior | show 🗑
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| Prone | show 🗑
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| Trendelenburg | show 🗑
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| show | Position
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| Left lateral chest | show 🗑
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| show | Projection
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| show | Projection
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| Lordotic | show 🗑
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| show | Projection
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| Left lateral decubitus | show 🗑
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| Opposites | show 🗑
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| Flexion | show 🗑
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| show | Radial Deviation
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| Dorsiflexion | show 🗑
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| show | Inversion
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| show | Medial (internal) Rotation
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| show | Adduction
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| Supination | show 🗑
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| show | Protraction
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| show | Elevation
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| show | Proximal
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| On the opposite side | show 🗑
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| Toward the center | show 🗑
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| Toward the head end of the body | show 🗑
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| Away from the source or beginning | show 🗑
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| Outside or outward | show 🗑
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| show | Ipsilateral
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| Near the skin surface | show 🗑
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| Away from the head end | show 🗑
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| Farther from the skin surface | show 🗑
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| show | Protraction
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| show | Radial Deviation
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| show | Patient Name and Date, and Anatomic Side Markers
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| show | False
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| True or False: A technologist is responsible for the professional decisions he or she makes during care of a patient. | show 🗑
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| True or False: The technologist is responsible for communicating with the patient to obtain pertinent clincal information. | show 🗑
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| True or False: The technologist is expected to provide a preliminary interpretation of radiographic findings to the referring physician. | show 🗑
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| show | False
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| What two are rules/principles for determining positioning routines as they relate to the maximum number of projections required in a basic routine? | show 🗑
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| show | Three
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| show | Two
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| What is the minimum number of projections for the: Wrist | show 🗑
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| show | Two
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| What is the minimum number of projections for the: Humerus | show 🗑
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| What is the minimum number of projections for the: Fifth Toe | show 🗑
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| What is the minimum number of projections for the: Postreduction of wrist | show 🗑
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| What is the minimum number of projections for the: Left Hip | show 🗑
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| show | Three
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| What is the minimum number of projections for the: Pelvis(non-hip injury) | show 🗑
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| show | Two
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| If additional projections are required for a routine forearm series, what should the technologist do with the young patient? | show 🗑
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| show | Palpation
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| show | Ischial Tuberosity, and Symphysis Pubis
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| True or False: Always place a radiograph for viewing as teh IR "sees" the patient. The patients left is to the viewer's left on an AP projection) | show 🗑
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| True or false: Most CT and MRI images are viewed so that the patient's right is to the viewer's left. | show 🗑
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| The radiographic anolog(film) image is composed of ________ on a polyester base. | show 🗑
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| show | Density, Spatial Resolution, Contrast, Exposure Latitude
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| The range of exposure over which a film produces an acceptable image | show 🗑
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| show | Kilovoltage(kVp)
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| Exposure time is usually expressed in units of | show 🗑
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| show | Density
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| The primary controlling factor for the overall blackness on a radiograph is | show 🗑
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| show | Decrease density to 25%
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| Which term is used to describe a radiograph that has too little density? | show 🗑
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| Doubling the mAs will result in _______ the denisty of the IR image | show 🗑
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| show | False, mAs will change the density, kVp will change the contrast
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| show | 25% to 30%
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| According to the anode heel effect, the x-ray beam is less intense at the(anode or cathode) end of the x-ray tube | show 🗑
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| To best use the anode heel effect, the thicker part of the anatomic structure should be place under the (anode or cathode) end of the x-ray tube | show 🗑
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| What device or method (other than the anode heel effect)may be used to compensate for the anatomic part thickness difference and prduce an acceptable density of the IR image | show 🗑
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| show | Wedge Filter, Trough Filter, Boomerang Filter
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| show | Wedge Filter
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| Which type of compensating filter permits soft tissue and obny detail of the shoulder to be equally visualized? | show 🗑
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| show | 10 mAs
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| The difference in density on adjacent areas of the radiograph defines | show 🗑
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| What is the primary controlling factor for radiographic contrast | show 🗑
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| show | Long Scale Contrast(low contrast), Short Scale Contrast(high contrast)
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| Which scale of contrast is produced with a 110-kV technique | show 🗑
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| show | True
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| True of False: A low-contrast image demonstrastes more shades of gray on the radiograph | show 🗑
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| Which of the following sets of exposures factors will result in the least patient exposure and produce long-scale contrast on a PA chest (50 kV, 800 mAs or 110 kV, to mAs) | show 🗑
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| A radiograph of a hand is underexposed. The original technique used was 55kV with 2.5 mAs. Keeping the mAs and increasing the kV what would the new kV be to double density? | show 🗑
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| If an anoatomic part measures greater than _____cm a grid must be used | show 🗑
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| show | Off-Level Grid Cutoff
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| show | Off-Focused Grid Cutoff
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| Identify the type of grid cuttoff that is created: The back of the grid is facing the x-ray tube | show 🗑
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| show | Spatial Resolution/Definiton
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| The lack of visible sharpness is | show 🗑
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| What are the three geometric factors that control or influence image resolution | show 🗑
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| show | Penumbra
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| True or False: The use of a small focal spot will entirely eliminate the problem identified in teh previous question | show 🗑
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| The greatest contributor to image unsharpness as related to positioning | show 🗑
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