Child/Adolescent Psychiatric Disorders
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| Mild mental retardation IQ range | 50-70
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| Moderate mental retardation IQ range | 35-50
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| Severe mental retardation IQ range | 20-35
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| Profound mental retardation IQ range | below 20
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| Average IQ | 100
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| Average college student IQ | 110
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| Diagnostic Statistical Manual (DSM) includes ____ for different disorders | criteria
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| What type of disorders include math, reading and written expression | learning disorders
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| What type of disorders include interference with ADL's? | Motor skills disorders
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| What type of disorders are r/t expressive, mixed, phonologic and stuttering | Communication disorders
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| an appetite for non-nutritive substances (e.g., coal, soil, chalk, paper etc.) persisting for more than one month | Pica
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| eating disorder characterized by vomiting your food, chewing it for a second time, and then swallowing it back down again. | Rumination
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| a sudden, repetitive, stereotyped, nonrhythmic movement or sound that involves discrete groups of muscles. | Tic
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| blinking or jerking of neck are examples of | common simple motor tic's
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| clearing of throat and barking are examples of | common simple vocal tic's
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| Touching objects all the time and jumping are examples of | complex motor tic's
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| Palilalia, Echolalia and Coprolalia are all examples of what kind of tic | complex vocal tic's
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| ___ is the repetition or echoing of one's own spoken words, and may sound like stuttering. | Palilalia
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| is the repetition of vocalizations made by another person | Echolalia
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| ____ is involuntary swearing or the involuntary utterance of obscene words or socially inappropriate and derogatory remarks. | Coprolalia
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| Tourett's is an ____ neurological disorder with onset in childhood | inherited
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| Tourett's is characterized by the presence of | multiple physical (motor) tics and at least one vocal (phonic) tic
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| T/F tics characteristically wax and wane | True
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| T/F tic's are always chronic | False tic's are transient and/or chronic
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| What are some sufficient treatments for tic's, (non-medication) | explanation and reassurance
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| There is no effective medication for every case of ____, but there are medications and therapies that can help when their use is warranted | tics
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| involuntary "fecal soiling" in children who have usually already been toilet trained | Encopresis
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| urination after the age at which bladder control would normally be anticipated. Day or night. | Enuresis
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| Tx for elimination disorders such as encopresis and enuresis | imipramine - cyclic antidepressant drug
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| Name the 4 pervasive development disorders | Autistic Disorder, Asperger's Disorder, Rett's, and Childhood Disintegrative Disorder
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| Disorder characterized by sensitivity to outside stimuli | Autistic Disorder
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| Prevalence of Autisitc Disorder | 1:500 to 1:1000 children (more boys)
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| T/F there is not a genetic link to Autistic Disorder | False - there is a genetic link
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| Onset of Autistic Disorder is _____. | Early. 80% born with and diagnosed and 20% diagnosed before age 3.
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| T/F there is no cure for Autistic Disorder | True
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| Little eye contact, few facial expressions towards others, use limited jesters, intelligible speech are seen in ____ disorder | Autistic Disorder
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| Not much expression of moods, don’t engage in play or make believe due to inability to relate to others are emotional sx seen in ____ disorder | Autistic Disorder
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| motor behavior such as repetitive odd behavior or motions like hand flapping, body twisting or head banging are seen in which disorder? | Autistic Disorder
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| Treatment for Autistic Disorder | Antipsychotic for agression and behavioral therapy
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| ____ disorder is distinguished from the other autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in having no general delay in language or cognitive development | Asperger's Disorder
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| Asperger's disorder has the same impairments as autism of ____ and restricted stereotyped behaviors. | social interaction
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| ____ disorder is more common in boys than girls | Asperger's disorder
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| clinical features include a deceleration of the rate of head growth (including microcephaly in some) and small hands and feet of what disorder | Rett's
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| In what disorder does socialization typically improve by the time they enter school | Rett's
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| Rett's syndrome pt's are prone to ____ disorders and up to ____% have seizures | gastrointestinal disorders and up to 80% have seizures
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| With Rett's syndrome a period of normalacy from birth to ____ months is followed by multiple deficits, and is only seen in girls | birth to 5 months (period of normalicy)
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| Also known as Heller's syndrome is a rare condition characterized by late onset (after 3 years of age) | Childhood Disintegrative Disorder (CDD)
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| Childhood Disintegrative Disorder (CDD) is characerized by late onset of which developmental delays | language, social function and motor skills
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| Similar behavior as in Autism, after normal development, onset age 3-4 boys & girls | Childhood Disintegrative Disorder (CDD)
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| Prevalence: 3-5% of school aged; 3:1 boys – girls ratio in non-clinical settings | AD/HD
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| Inattentiveness, over activity and impulsive. Most common for child referral in mental health. Must be distinguished from bipolar disorder. Can lead to social and academic problems. 1/3 to ½ have problems into adulthood are characteristics of | AD/HD
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| T/F AD/HD always includes both inattentive behavior and hyperactive behaviors | False - a pt can have AD/HD without hyperactive behaviors
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| behavioral (reward), psychosocial, educational interventions. When give assignment just give a little at a time to stay focused are all non-drug therapy for which disorder | AD/HD
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| key drugs to treat AD/HD | Ritalin, Adderall, Cylert and Vivance
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| Which drug for AD/HD causes liver damage | Cylert
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| Which drug for AD/HD is new and longer acting | Vivance
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| What class of drug, other than stimulants, are given to AD/HD pt due to isolation and not doing well in school | antidepressants
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| drugs such as Ritalin and Concerta work no better than therapy after ____ years of treatment | three
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| Omega-3 fatty acids, ____ and ____ may have benefits with regards to ADHD symptoms | zinc and magnesium
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| Which disorder is an ongoing pattern of disobedient, hostile, and defiant behavior toward authority figures which goes beyond the bounds of normal childhood behavior. | Oppositional Defiant Disorder
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| T/F Oppositonal defiant disorder pt violate others rights and don’t have any remorse. | True
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| 25% of this type of disorder develop conduct disorder and 10% of this same disorder are diagnosed with Antisocial Personality Disorder as adults | Oppositional defiant disorder
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| Which disorder is characterized by a pattern of repetitive behavior where the rights of others or the social norms are violated. | conduct disorder
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| Conduct disorder is persistent antisocial behavior that impairs functioning as a child or adult? | Child
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| prevalence of conduct disorder | 3:1 boy to girl
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| T/F conduct disorder is less serious if developed before age ten | False - before age ten the outcome is more serious
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| After the age of 18, a conduct disorder may develop into ___ disorder. | antisocial personality disorder.
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| These 4 areas; aggression to people and animals, destruction of property, deceitfulness and theft, serious violation of rules are areas of which disorder | Conduct disorder
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| vandalism and threat are (mild, moderate, or severe) examples of conduct disorder | moderate
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| forced sex, cruelty to animals, use of weapons and robbery are (mild, moderate, or severe) conduct disorder | severe
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| An adolescent with Conduct Disorder is hospitalized briefly in a psychiatric unit. He is aggressive and threatening. Based on this data, what nursing diagnosis is most appropriate? | risk for violence
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| What is the most important activity/intervention on an adolescent psychiatric unit, when within the group of clients nearly all have the diagnosis of Conduct Disorder? | consistent limits and structure
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| An adolescent who is negative, defiant, and hostile toward authority figures to the extent that it interferes in academic and work settings, but does not break laws is ____ disorder | oppositional defiant disorder
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| A school nurse is administering methylphenidate (Ritalin) to a child with ADHD. The child starts to grab the medication while running through the nurse's office. What is the best intervention to help the child focus and take the medication? | Give a firm, short instruction to stop, and watch the child take the medication.
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| A child with AD/HD becomes hyper as bedtime approaches, what advise should the nurse give the mother? | Establish a bedtime routine and follow it regularly.
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