Patho
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| show | the skull and CSF
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| show | metabolic stablilty
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| show | blood-brain barrier and autoregulatory mechanisms
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| decreased O2 with maintained blood flow...the interruption in the delivery of O2 | show 🗑
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| show | ischemia
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| show | focal ischemia
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| entire brain; no collateral | show 🗑
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| show | 2-4 minutes
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| show | 4-5 minutes
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| excess ___ in the tissue leads to edema | show 🗑
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| show | Na, K, Ca
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| increase in tissue colume do to fluid accumulation | show 🗑
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| two types of cerebral edema | show 🗑
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| results from an increase in extracellular fluid surrounding the brain cells | show 🗑
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| vasogenic cerebral edema may cause damage which may impairs the ____ | show 🗑
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| vasogenic cerebral edema mainly occurs in ___ | show 🗑
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| show | cytotoxic cerebral edema
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| cytotoxic cerebral edema mainly occurs in ___ | show 🗑
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| show | > intracranial pressure
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| show | Monro-Kellie Hypothesis
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| monro-kellie hyopthesis is controlled by ____ | show 🗑
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| cerebral arterioles change diameter to maintain bl flow when ICP increases | show 🗑
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| in the monro-kellie hypothesis ___ is unable to compensate, but the ___ is able to compensate to a limit | show 🗑
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| show | ischemia and hypercapnia
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| show | elevates systolic blood pressure (SBP), wide pulse pressure, and bradycardia
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| show | herniation
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| show | brain death
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| show | death
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| show | decorticate
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| show | decerebrate
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| show | HA, N/V, and pupillary changes
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| seen in head injuries...pupils will constrict and get big, then little, big then little...etc | show 🗑
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| show | to try to drain some of the fluid (30-60 degree angle)
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| show | tranumatic head and brain injury
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| show | skull fx
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| show | depressed skull fx
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| area of impact in a head injury | show 🗑
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| show | counter-coup
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| show | a spinal or twisting neck injury
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| show | coup
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| deceleration and backward movement is the -___ | show 🗑
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| momentary interruption of brain function with or without loss of consciousness | show 🗑
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| concussions usually recover within ___ | show 🗑
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| primary injury with diffuse microscopic damage to axons in the cerebral hemisphere, corpus callosum, and brain stem; ofter leads to dementia and persistent vegetative state | show 🗑
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| bruise to the cortical surface of the brain caused by blunt head trauma | show 🗑
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| show | the nercrotic tissue is phagocytized leaving scar tissue
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| show | hematoma
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| hematoma that develops between the skull and the dura | show 🗑
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| show | epidural hematoma
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| 2 types of hematomas | show 🗑
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| show | epidural hematoma
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| epidural hematoma are more common in the ___, why? | show 🗑
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| hematoma that develops between the dura and the arachnoid | show 🗑
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| show | subdural hematoma
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| show | subdural hematoma develops slower then the epidural hematoma
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| 3 types of subdural hematomas | show 🗑
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| show | acute
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| show | subacute
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| show | chronic
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| show | front to back or top to bottom
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| global brain injuries develop _____ | show 🗑
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| show | cerebral hemispheres and the reticular activating system
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| show | cerebral cortex
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| show | reticular activating system
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| what does the reticular activating system include (^) | show 🗑
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| a change in levels of consciousness indicated a px with the ____ | show 🗑
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| Reticular Activating System has a part in ___ and ___ | show 🗑
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| show | LOC- levels of consciousness
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| show | LOC= continum
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| show | inattention, mild confusion, disorentation, blunted affect (flat emotions)
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| show | global brain injury
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| irreversible loss of brain function | show 🗑
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| show | after all other px are ruled out and their is No EEG activity 2x...6 hours apart
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| show | persistent vegetative state
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| show | persistent vegetative state
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| what determines being in a persistene vegetative state? | show 🗑
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| show | hypothalamic and brainstem function
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| acute focal neurological deficit from a vascular disorder that injuries brain tissue | show 🗑
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| leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the US | show 🗑
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| show | stroke
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| what is the most common cause of strokes? | show 🗑
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| show | ischemic stroke
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| local interruption of bl flow caused by thrombus or emboil | show 🗑
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| most fatal stroke | show 🗑
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| stroke that is often in the eldery and often affects the cortex causing aphasia, hemineglect syndrome, viusl defects, or blindness...occurs with rest or activity and is associated with other atherosclerotic changes | show 🗑
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| large vessel (thrombotic) iscemic strokes often affect the CORTEX causing ___, ____, ____, and/or _____ | show 🗑
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| show | large vessels
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| located in the deeper, noncortical parts of the brain or in the brain stem and will not be picked up by a CT | show 🗑
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| show | lacunar syndrome (small vessel stroke)
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| show | cardiogenic embolic ischemic stroke
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| where do most cardiogenic embolic strokes originate? | show 🗑
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| show | hemorrhagic strokes
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| who is at highest risk for a hemorragic stroke | show 🗑
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| show | TIA- Transient Ischemic Attach
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| show | TIA- Transient Ischemic Attach
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| show | TIA- Transient Ischemic Attach
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| what are signs of a one-sided acute stroke | show 🗑
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| ___ strokes are sudden and focal with one sided effects and cause: aphasia, dysarthria, dysphagia, and ataxia | show 🗑
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| why is it important to figure out what type of stroke occured in order to tx a pt | show 🗑
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| show | berry
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| what causes an aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage to rupture? | show 🗑
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| show | head ache
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| show | arteriovenous malformation
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| lacks a capillary bed | show 🗑
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| show | congenital disorder
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| show | meningitis
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| meningitis crosses ____ | show 🗑
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| show | blood stream
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| the bacteria in meningitis releases a ___ that initiates the ____ | show 🗑
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| show | thrombophebitis
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| due to the damage of the endothelial cell of the blood brain barrier, fluid, pathogens, neutrophils, and albumin move across capillary membrane into CFS resulting in purulent CSF | show 🗑
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| main s/s of meningitis are ___, ___, ___, and ____ | show 🗑
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| because the meningis are inflammed ____ and ____ signs are present | show 🗑
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| show | cloudy, purulent, > protein, < glucose, and has presence of bacteria
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| show | viral meningitis
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| show | encephalitis
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| transmission of encephalitis is ___, ___, ___ | show 🗑
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| local necrotizing hemorrhage that spreads; edema; degeneration of the nerve cells | show 🗑
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| s/s of encephalitis | show 🗑
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| totall weakness and loss of reflexes | show 🗑
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Created by:
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