Liquids, Solids, and intermolecular forces
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| Identify the characteristics of a liquid | Indefinite shape, but definite volume
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| Identify the characteristics of a gas | Indefinite shape and volume
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| Has low density | Gas
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| Identify the characteristics of a solid | Definite shape and volume
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| Give the change in condition to go from a liquid to a gas | Increase heat or reduce pressure
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| The force between polar molecules is known as | dipole-dipole forces
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| The potential energy of molecules decrease | as they get closer to one aonther
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| What is the strongest type of intermolecular force present in NH2CH3? The two strands in DNA are held together by _______. | hydrogen bonding
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| Order of INCREASING strength of intermolecular forces | CH4<CH3CH3<CH3CH2CH3
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| Order of DECREASING strength of intermolecular forces | CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3>(CH3)3CCH2CH3>(CH3)3CCH3
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| A compound w/o hydrogen bonding | (CH3)3N
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| In a liquid, the energy required to increase the surface of the area by a unit amount is called | surface tension
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| Choose the substance with the lowest viscosity | ClCH2CH2Cl
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| Choose the substance with the highest viscosity | BeCl2
HOCH2CH2CH2CH2OH
Maple Syrup
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| Identify the term used to describe the ability of a liquid to flow against gravity up a narrow tube | capillary action
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| Describe sweating in humans | It is an endothermic reaction
The sweat evaporates absorbing heat from the body
The skin is cooled
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| Vapor pressure increase | with temp
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| Identify the place that has the lowest boiling point of water | Mt Everest, 29,035 feet
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| Identify the place that has the highest boiling point of water | Death Valley, 282 feet below sea level
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| Molecules with hydrogen bonding | are more volatile than compounds with dipole-dipole forces
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| Which substance has the strongest intermolecular force? | A2X, DeltaHvap=29.6 kJ/mol
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| Define boiling. | A liquid becomes a gas
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| Define deposition. | A gas becomes a liquid
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| Define sublimation | The phase transition from solid to gas
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| Define freezing. | The phase transition from liquid to solid
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| Define fusion | The phase transition from solid to liquid
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| At atmospheric pressure, dry ice | sublimes
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| At atmospheric pressure, ice | melts
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| Define triple point | The temp and pressure where liquid, solid, and gas are equally stable and are in eqilibrium
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| Why is water an extraordinary substance? | Haw low molar mass, yet is liquid at room temp
Main solvent within living organisms
An exceptionally high specific heat capacity
Strong hydrogen bonds
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| Identify the compound with the highest boiling point. | H2O
KI
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| Identify the type of solid for AgCL | ionic solid
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| Identify the type of solid for ice. | molecular soild
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| Identify the type of solid for gold | metallic atomic solid
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| Identify the type of solid for diamonds | networking atomic solid
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| Identify the type of solid for argon | nonbonding atomic solid
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| Which has the smallest dipole-dipole forces? Molecule/compound that exhibits dispersion force as its strongest intermolecular force. The substance with the lowest boiling point | O2
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| Which is expected to have the largest dispersion forces? | C12H26
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| Compound that exhibits hydrogen bonding | CH3NH2
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| In liquid propanol, CH3CH2CH2OH which intermolecular forces are present? | Dispersion, hydrogen bonding and dipole-dipole forces present
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| Compounds that exhibits only dipole-dipole intermolecular interactions | CH3Br
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| The normal boiling point for H2Se is higher than the normal boiling point for H2S. This can be explained by | larger dispersion forces for H2Se
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| What is the strongest type of intermolecular force present in Cl2? | Dispersion
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| What is the strongest intermolecular force present in CHBr3? | dipole-dipole
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| What type of intermolecular force causes the dissolution of KF in water? | ion-dipole force
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| Identify the compound that has hydrogen bonding | H2O
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| Pair of substances that are most likely to form a homogenous solution | NH3+CH3OH
C6H14+C10H20
NF3+SO2
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| The substance with the highest surface tension | HOCH2CH2OH
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| The substance with the lowest surface tension | CH3CH2CH2CH3
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| Substance with the lowest vapor pressure at a given temperature | CaI2
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| Substance that would have the highest DeltaHvap | C6H6
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| Give the coordination number for a body-centered cubic cell | 8
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| How many H- ion are around each Na+ ion in NaH, which has a cubic unit cell with H- ions on each corner and each face? | 6
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| Forms a molecular solid | C10H22
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| Forms an ionic solid | RbI
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| What type of bonding does Sr form an ionic solid? | metallic
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| What is considered a molecular solid? | I2
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| What is considered an ionic solid? | (NH4)2CO3
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| what is considered an atomic solid? | Nb
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| What is considered a nonbonding atomic solid? | Ne
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| What has the highest melting point? | MgO
Fe
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| Ionic bond | LiI
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| Hydrogen Bonding | CH3OH
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| Dispersion Forces | CH3CH3
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| Dipole-dipole forces | CH2F2
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| Ion-dipole forces | LiI+H2O
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| Define viscosity | The resistance of a liquid to flow
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| Define boiling point of a liquid | The temp at which the vapor pressure equals the external pressure
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| Define dynamic equilibrium | Dynamic equilibrium is when the rate of condensation equals the rate of vaporization
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