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Digestive System

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Term
Definition
digestive enzymes   proteins that break down food molecules into their building blocks  
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chemical digestion   the breakdown of food in the mouth, stomach and intestines through the use of acids and enzymes.  
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mechanical digestion   chewing, swallowing and the muscular movements that move food through the digestive tract  
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bowel movement   movement of food in the large intestines  
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endoscopy   nonsurgical procedure used to examine a person's digestive tract  
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colonoscopy   test that allows your doctor to look at the inner lining of your large intestine (rectum and colon)  
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pepsin   enzyme released in the stomach that breaks down protein  
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amylase   enzymes that break down sugars  
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peristalsis   wave-like muscle contractions that moves food to different processing stations in the digestive tract  
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peptic ulcer   painful sores or ulcers in the lining of the stomach or first part of the small intestine  
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obesity   complex disorder involving an excessive amount of body fat  
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colorectal cancer   abnormal growth of cells in the large intestine  
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diverticulitis   common digestive disease which involves the formation of pouches within the bowel walls  
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hemorrhoids   swollen and inflamed veins in your anus and lower rectum  
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gastric reflux   stomach contents leak backwards from the stomach into the esophagus, causing discomfort  
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