WillWallace Fomulas & Norms
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| show | PaO2/PAO2 norm is 90%, >35%=weaning, reflects efficiency of oxygenation as a percentage, <74%=shunt, V/Q mismatch or diffusion defect
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| show | A-a gradient, norm 5-10 mmHg on .21, 30-60 on 100%, >350=mech support, <350 weaning. Represents potential to Oxygenate vs. the amount of O2 in the artery. Every 50mmHg is approx. 2 percent shunt above norm of 2-5%
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| Alveolar Air Equation | show 🗑
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| show | norm 120/80 (90-140/60-90), <90/60 or >180/110 is inconsistent with weaning
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| show | norm 16-20 vol% (Hbx1.34)SaO2 + (PaO2x.003) total amount of O2 carried in 100ml of blood, combined content of O2 carried on Hb and dissolved in plasma, (can be reduced by <Hb, anemia or <CO)
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| show | Content of pulm capillary blood oxygen at 100% FIO2, (Hbx1.34)1 + (PAO2x.003) used in shunt equation
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| show | dynamic compliance, aka CLdyn, norm is 0.03-0.04L/cmH2O (30-40mL/cmH20), calc is Vt(L)/(PIP-PEEP) Changes in CD indicate changes in CL or elastance. Up with decreased elasticity (emphysema, down with with stiff (ARDS).
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| CI | show 🗑
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| Cs (CVAE) | show 🗑
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| show | Tube compliance aka compressible volume, volume lost to pt circuit, approx 3ml/cmH20 x PIP, deduct from VT to find actual delivered tidal volume. VT-(PIP x 3) equals actual VT.
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| show | (Hb x 1.34)SvO2 + (PvO2 x .003) norm is 15 vol%, represents the value of O2 in blood returning to the right side of the heart after tissues have oxygenated.
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| show | central venous pressure, norm 2-6 mmHg, 2-6 weaning
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| Deadspace | show 🗑
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| show | O2 Delivery, (CaO2 x CO) x 10, norm is 1000mL/O2/min
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| show | <40-50% weaning
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| show | (VT/IT) x 60 or VE x (I+E)
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| Flow required for a 1 second I-time and a VT of 750cc? | show 🗑
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| Hb | show 🗑
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| HCO3 | show 🗑
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| show | 40-50%
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| show | norm 60-80, 60-120 weaning
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| I:E ratios/% | show 🗑
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| show | 105+5/lb over 60"
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| IBW M | show 🗑
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| I-time | show 🗑
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| Low press on vent | show 🗑
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| show | TIIVR+TIVER, FRC=TIIVR=TLC, IRV, IC, VC, RV, + TIVER, FRC=TLC, IRV, VT, ERV, RV, FRC
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| show | Mean arterial pressure, norm 90 (80-100), 70-130 weaning
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| MIP/NIF | show 🗑
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| show | 35-45 torr, >55 indicates support, <50 weaning
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| show | <PIP, <RR, >PEEP
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| show | CO2 desired, CO2 is adjusted by changing Resp rate so (VExCO2)/CO2d=VEd or (RRset x CO2)/CO2d=RRd, always round down and go slightly acidic as tissue will oxygenate better.
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| PaCO2-to decrease with pt on mech vent | show 🗑
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| show | 80-100 torr, >60 mmHg on <60% weaning
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| PaO2 <80 on FIO2 <60 | show 🗑
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| PaO2 <80 on FIO2 >60 | show 🗑
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| show | PaO2 (desired) x FIO2 (current)/PaO2 (current)=FIO2 required to bring PaO2 to desired level. Example of pt on 40% FIO2, PaO2 of 53 and wanting PaO2 of 80, calc is (80x.4)/53 equals .60, so increase FIO2 to 60%
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| PaO2/FIO2 | show 🗑
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| PaO2-to decrease while pt on mech vent | show 🗑
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| show | >PIP, >RR, >PEEP, or >FIO2
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| PAP | show 🗑
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| PCWP | show 🗑
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| PEEP | show 🗑
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| PH | show 🗑
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| PIP | show 🗑
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| show | 40 torr
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| QS/QT | show 🗑
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| QT | show 🗑
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| show | Airway Resistance norm is 5-12cmH2O/L/Sec for intubated pt, (PIP-Pplat)/(flow in min/60 sec). Increase in RAW reflects an issue with airways, bronchospasm, secretions, edema etc.
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| Refractory hypoxemia | show 🗑
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| RR | show 🗑
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| RSBI | show 🗑
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| RV | show 🗑
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| SaO2 | show 🗑
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| Shunt | show 🗑
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| SvO2 | show 🗑
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| show | Time constant, (Raw x CS)e, where e represents volume exhaled as a percent, 1 is 63%, 2 is 86%, 3 is 95% and 5 is 100% exhaled. TC <3 leads to air trapping.
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| TCT | show 🗑
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| show | total lung capacity 6L
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| VA | show 🗑
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| show | Vital capacity, 65-75 mL/kg, <10mL/kg indicates support, >15 mL/kg for weaning
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| show | Deadspace volume, VD=(VT-VA), norm is 33% of VE, 1 mL/lb IBW or 2.2mL/kg (approx 150 ml)
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| VD/VT Ratio | show 🗑
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| VE | show 🗑
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| VEspont | show 🗑
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| VO2 | show 🗑
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| VTspont | show 🗑
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| VT | show 🗑
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