SPC Diagnostic Procedures Units 3 & 4 Review
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| show | Measures: pH, PO2, PCO2 Calculates: HCO3, base excess, hemoglobin saturation
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| show | Hemoglobin(hb), Oxyhemoglobin(HbO2), Methhemoglobin(MetHb), Carboxyhemoglobin(COHB)
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| Advantages of POC devices? | show 🗑
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| What does a Clark electrode measure? | show 🗑
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| What does a Stowe Severinghaus electrode measure? | show 🗑
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| Which electrode is a modified pH electrode? | show 🗑
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| show | Tends to lower CO2, and increase O2
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| Factors that may effect ABG analysis | show 🗑
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| Which is the most popular blood gas sampling site? | show 🗑
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| What is capillary sampling used for? | show 🗑
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| show | Occlude the radial & ulnar arteries, have pt open/close hand, release ulnar artery, see white hand become pink again w/in 15secs = collateral circulation
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| show | Dyspnea, cyanosis, heavy use of accessory muscles, CPR, changes in vent settings, metabolic conditions
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| show | Negative result on a Modified Allen's Test, do not test through a lesion, scar, sore, distal to a dialysis or surgical shunt, coagulopathy or anticoagulation therapy
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| ABG complications: | show 🗑
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| What is the most important aspect of a Quality Assurance program? | show 🗑
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| show | At least one, but two or three can be run
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| show | Every two hours
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| What are Levey-Jennings plots used for? | show 🗑
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| show | A study that compares results of one analyzer to another.Several samples are run on both machines 4x's/year to ensure results from both machines are similar. Results must be w/in 10% of each other.
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| What is Proficiency Testing? | show 🗑
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| Two agencies that accredit blood gas labs: | show 🗑
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| What is the Fowler Method used for? | show 🗑
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| show | Single Breath Nitrogen Elimination Test
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| What test gas is used in the Fowler method/Single breath nitrogen elimination test? | show 🗑
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| What does a closing volume indicate? | show 🗑
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| show | COPD, asthma, chronic bronchitis
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| show | Can be used to identify small airway disorders even before they can be detected by simple spirometry
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| show | Obstruction
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| show | Bad, because that means there is more deadspace = area with no gas exchange
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| show | PaCO2 (derived from an ABG) and the PeCO2 (derived from the pt exhaling into a Douglas Bag)
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| show | The severity and extent or pulmonary disorders, especially bronchiectasis and bullous lung disease
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| What are V/Q scans normally ordered for? | show 🗑
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| show | It can affect the test results
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| Why is CO the ideal gas to use in diffusion studies? | show 🗑
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| show | The difference in the amount of CO inhaled and the amount of CO exhaled = the amount of CO that has diffused into the bloodstream
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| How would you coach a pt to perform the breathing maneuver for a DLCO single breath test? | show 🗑
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| What gas mixture is used in the single breath DLCO test? | show 🗑
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| What are some disadvantages of the single breath DLCO test? | show 🗑
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| How does a steady state DLCO test differ from a single breath DLCO study? | show 🗑
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| show | The results are less affected by V/Q abnormalities or by changes in the pt’s lung volumes during the test
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| show | Single Breath
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| show | No smoking at least 24 hrs(smoking increases (CO) levels), No alcohol at least 4 hrs prior to test(alcohol can reduce DLCO), No eating at least 2 hrs prior to test(a full stomach affects the VC maneuver)
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| Name 3 things that must happen for a DLCO test to be considered an acceptable test: | show 🗑
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| What does DLCO measure? | show 🗑
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| What effects does emphysema have on a subject’s DLCO? Why? | show 🗑
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| How would fibrosis cause a decreased DLCO? | show 🗑
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| show | May result in a normal or increased DLCO, it is thought to result from increased pulmonary blood volume
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| Why would a physician want to measure a subject’s exhaled nitric oxide? | show 🗑
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| After starting a subject on an inhaled corticosteroid, a repeat FeNO measurement is obtained. The exhaled NO level has decreased significantly. What does this indicate? | show 🗑
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