The Muscular System

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The long head of the biceps femoris muscle originates on the

ischial tuberosity

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Both heads of the biceps femoris muscle

flex the leg at the knee

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The biceps femoris is located in the

posterior thigh

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The two heads of the biceps brachii combine to insert on the

radial tuberosity

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The anterior muscles of the thigh that originate on the os coxae are

sartorius; rectus femoris

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All fibers of the pectoralis major muscle converge on the lateral edge of the

intertubercular sulcus

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True or False: The anterior axial muscle that crosses the glenohumeral joint is the pectoralis major muscle.

True

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The posterior axial muscle that crosses the glenohumeral joint is the

latissimus dorsi

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The deltoid muscle fibers are separated into

anterior, middle, and posterior

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The middle fibers of the deltoid muscle

abduct the arm

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The origin of the external obliques includes ribs

five through twelve

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The origins of the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle are the

lateral condyle and posterior surface of the femur

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The gastrocnemius muscle is innervated by the

tibial nerve

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The two heads of the gastrocnemius muscle converge to insert onto

the calcaneus

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The majority of the fibers of the gluteus maximus insert onto the

ileotibial tract

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The gluteus maximus is the most powerful muscle during

extension

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The actions of the internal obliques include

compression of the abdomen to assist in forced expiration

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The latissimus dorsi inserts

on the intertubercular groove of the humerus

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One of the actions of the latissimus dorsi muscle is to

adduct the arm

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The masseter muscle originates on the

medial surfaces of the maxilla and the zygomatic arch as well as the inferior border of the zygomatic arch

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The masseter is innervated by the _____________ branch of the trigeminal nerve.

mandibular

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The muscle that generates the most power during elbow flexion is the

brachialis

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The prime mover of elbow extension is the

triceps brachii

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The actions of the muscles that cross the hip do not include

inversion

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The origins of the rectus abdominus muscle are on the

pubic bone

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The origin of the rectus femoris is the

anterior inferior iliac spine

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The rectus femoris muscle extends the leg at the

knee

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A prime mover (agonist)

is primarily responsible for a movement

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Muscles are named based on all the criteria below except

color of muscles

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This large, fan-shaped muscle of the upper chest is the prime mover of arm flexion.

pectoralis major

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Commonly referred to as the ________, this muscle group on the posterior thigh extends the hip.

hamstring

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This name reveals the number of the muscle's origins.

triceps brachii

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The names of these muscles tell you their actions.

adductor magnus and extensor digitorum

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A muscle that is responsible for producing a particular movement is a(n)

agonist

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Skeletal muscles are named on the basis of

size, length ,location and shape of the muscle

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When a muscle contracts, the __________ moves toward the __________.

insertion; origin

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Which of the following is NOT a general action of the muscles of the upper limb? wrist and hand movement forearm movement elbow movement stabilization of the clavicle

stabilization of the clavicle

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Fixator muscles function to

immobilize the origin of a prime mover

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A synergistic muscle would aid a(n)

agonist

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The temporalis muscle is palpable when you

clench your teeth

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what muscle helps with puckering the lips

orbicularis oris

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what muscle helps with blinking and squinting

orbicularis oculi

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what muscle helps with compressing the cheek

buccinators

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what muscle helps with smiling

zygomaticus major and minor

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what muscle helps with raising the eyebrows

epicranius frontal belly

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what muscle helps with rotating the head

sternocleidomastoid

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what muscle is located in the shoulder

deltoid

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what muscle is located in the upper chest

pectoralis major

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what muscle is located in the medial abdominal region

rectus abdominis

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what muscle is located in the superficial lateral abdominal region

external oblique

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what muscle is located in the thoracic floor

diaphragm

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The major adductor of the arm is the

latissimus dorsi

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The prime mover of arm abduction is the

deltoid

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Which muscle is the prime mover for arm flexion?

pectoralis major

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triceps brachii is responsible for what function

elbow extension

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biceps brachii is responsible for what function

elbow flexion

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flexor carpi radialis is responsible for what function

wrist flexion

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extensor digitorum is responsible for what function

finger extension

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gastrocnemius is responsible for what function

plantar flexion

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tibialis anterior is responsible for what function

dorsiflexion

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flexor hallucis longus is responsible for what function

great toe flexion and foot inversion

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extensor digitorum longus is responsible for what function

toe extension

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tibialis posterior is responsible for what function

foot inversion

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gluteus maximus is responsible for what function

hip extension: stair climbing

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rectus femoris is responsible for what function

knee extension: thigh flexion

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gluteus medius is responsible for what function

thigh abduction

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biceps femoris is responsible for what function

thigh extension

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The bundles of muscle fibers within a skeletal muscle are called

fascicles

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True or False Levers make muscle action more versatile by all changing the location of the muscle’s insertion

Fasle

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The more movable end of a muscle is the

insertion

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The muscles of facial expression are innervated by cranial nerve

VII

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The strongest masticatory muscle is the ___________ muscle.

masseter

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The muscle that rotates the eye medially is the ___________ muscle

medial rectus

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Important flexors of the vertebral column that act in opposition to the erector spinae are the ___________ muscles.

rectus abdominis

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The major extensor of the elbow is the ___________ muscle.

triceps brachii

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The muscles that rotate the radius without producing either flexion or extension of the elbow are the ___________ muscles.

pronator teres and supinator

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The powerful flexors of the hip are the ___________ muscles. (a) piriformis, (b) obturator, (c) pe

iliopsoas

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Knee extensors known as the quadriceps consist of the

three vastus muscles and the rectus femoris muscle

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List the four fascicle organizations that produce the different patterns of skeletal muscles.

parallel, convergent, pennate, and circular

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What is an aponeurosis?

a collagenous sheet connecting two muscles

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What are two examples of an aponeurosis?

epicranial aponeurosis and linea alba

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Which four muscle groups make up the axial musculature?

muscles of the head and neck, muscles of the vertebral column, oblique and rectus muscles, and muscles of the pelvic floor.

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What three functions are accomplished by the muscles of the pelvic floor?

) support the organs of the pelvic cavity, (2) flex joints of the sacrum and coccyx, and (3) control movement of materials through the urethra

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On which bones do the four rotator cuff muscles originate and insert?

The supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor originate on the posterior body of the scapula, and the subscapularis originates on the anterior body of the scapula. All four muscles insert on the humerus.

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What three functional groups make up the muscles of the lower limbs?

(1) muscles that move the thigh, (2) muscles that move the leg, and (3) muscles that move the foot and toes.

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Of the following actions, the one that illustrates that of a second-class lever is

ankle extension

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True or False: Compartment syndrome can result from compressing a nerve in the wrist

False

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Compartment syndrome can result from:

compartments swelling with blood due to an injury involving blood vessels, torn ligaments in a given compartment, pulled tendons in the muscles of a given compartment, torn muscles in a particular compartment.

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A(n) ___________ develops when an organ protrudes through an abnormal opening.

hernia

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Elongated bursae that reduce friction and surround the tendons that cross the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the wrist form ___________.

synovial tendon sheaths

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Muscle fibers in a skeletal muscle form bundles called

fascicles

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Created by: Charon514

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