PT Assessment Final
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| show | 1. Ventilation, 2. Oxygenation, 3. Circulation, 4. Perfusion
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| show | Right heart failure (cor pulmonale)
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| show | Peripheral circulation
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| show | Chronic air trapping
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| show | 1:2
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| show | 1:1
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| show | Hyperpnea
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| show | Eupnea
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| RR>20 | show 🗑
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| show | Biot's
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| Breathing gradually increases then decreases in rate and depth, followed by periods of apnea | show 🗑
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| Cessation of breathing | show 🗑
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| Increased rate and depth of breathing. Usually associated with diabetic ketoacidosis | show 🗑
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| Deep, gasping inspiration with brief, partial expiration | show 🗑
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| Decreased depth of breathing | show 🗑
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| show | Bradypnea
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| An infant shows signs of nasal flaring, grunting, and has intercostal retractions. What does this indicate? | show 🗑
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| show | Diaphragm, external intercostals
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| What are the accessory muscles of inspiration? | show 🗑
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| What are the accessory muscles of expiration? | show 🗑
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| show | None
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| show | Viscous
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| show | Bright red
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| show | Normal
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| show | Pink and frothy
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| Mucus with pus (clear with yellow) | show 🗑
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| show | Fetid
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| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | show 🗑
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| Old blood in sputum | show 🗑
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| WBCs in sputum, bacterial infection | show 🗑
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| show | Mucoid
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| Stagnant sputum or gram-negative bacteria | show 🗑
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| show | Red, jelly-like
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| show | Tenacious
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| Sputum that contains pus | show 🗑
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| Creaking leather sound caused by pleuritis | show 🗑
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| show | Diminished
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| show | Crackles (rales)
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| show | Bronchovesicular
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| show | Bronchial
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| show | Wheezing
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| Loud, high pitched crowing sound heard during inspiration caused by upper airway edema | show 🗑
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| show | Vesicular
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| Gurgling, bubbling sound caused by thick secretions in the large airways; usually clears with a cough | show 🗑
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| List the normal breath sounds | show 🗑
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| List the adventitious breath sounds | show 🗑
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| What are two causes of tachycardia? | show 🗑
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| What are two causes of bradycardia? | show 🗑
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| At what point during the breath are fine crackles normally heard? | show 🗑
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| What are the common pulse sites and their locations? | show 🗑
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| What is the normal value for Potassium? | show 🗑
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| show | 22-26 mEq/L
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| What is the normal value for Chloride? | show 🗑
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| show | 135-145 mEq/L
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| What is the normal value for RBCs? | show 🗑
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| What is the normal value for WBCs? | show 🗑
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| What is the normal value for Hemoglobin (Hgb)? | show 🗑
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| show | 40-50%
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| show | 150k-400k/mm3
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| show | 93-97%
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| What is the normal HR? | show 🗑
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| What is the normal RR? | show 🗑
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| show | 120/80 mmHg
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| What is the normal body temp? | show 🗑
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| What type of chest pain is centrally located and constant? | show 🗑
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| show | Pleuritic
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| What type of chest pain is associated with Pleuritis? | show 🗑
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| show | Pleuritic
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| What type of chest pain is associated with Pericardial inflammation? | show 🗑
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| show | Non-pleuritic
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| show | Pleuritic
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| What conditions increase the intensity and clarity of vocal fremitus, as with bronchophony and whispered pectoriloquy? | show 🗑
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| show | Muffled
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| In normal lungs, the phrase "1,2,3", when whispered would sound | show 🗑
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| With egophany, what condition would change an "ee" sound to an "ay" sound similar to a bleating goat? | show 🗑
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| What conditions would decrease vocal fremitus? | show 🗑
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| show | Large pleural effusion, large pneumothorax, hyperinflation (air trapping), atelectasis
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| show | Pneumonia
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| Difficult breathing while lying down | show 🗑
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| show | Dyspnea
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| show | Diaphoresis
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| Excess fluid in the tissues | show 🗑
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| Above normal body temp | show 🗑
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| show | Hypothermia
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| General run down feeling | show 🗑
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| Enlargement of terminal phalanges of fingers and toes due to chronic hypoxemia | show 🗑
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| show | Asymmetrical
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| show | Symmetrical
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| show | Resonance
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| show | Dullness
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| What percussion note would you heard over fluid in the pleural space? | show 🗑
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| show | Peripheral
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| What type of cyanosis is seen in the oral mucosa and is urgent? | show 🗑
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| show | Inadequate blood flow, inadequate O2 supply to the heart, electrolyte imbalance
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| Breathing air in and out of the lungs | show 🗑
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| show | RR, tidal volume, chest movement, breath sounds
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| show | Oxygenation
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| show | HR, color, sensorium (consciousness)
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| Moving blood through the body | show 🗑
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| show | HR, pulse strength
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| Getting blood into the tissues (into the capillary beds) | show 🗑
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| show | BP, sensorium, temp
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| show | 60
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| What causes an increase in WBCs? | show 🗑
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| What type of WBC is elevated with asthma and allergic reactions? | show 🗑
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| show | Strong, throbbing
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| Describe the pulse strength for weak contraction and low blood volume | show 🗑
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| Describe the pulse strength for an increased HR and large volume | show 🗑
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| show | Regular or Irregular
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| A pulse rate greater than 100 BPM | show 🗑
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| A pulse rate less than 60 BPM | show 🗑
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| Where can Bronchial (tracheal) breath sounds be heard? | show 🗑
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| Where can vesicular breath sounds be heard? | show 🗑
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| show | Anterior: Heard over mainstem bronchi between first and second ribs / Posterior: Heard between the scapulae near the spinal column between the first and sixth ribs; especially on the right side
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| show | Consolidation or atelectasis
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| show | Patients who move a lower air volume, obese patients, or muscular patients
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| show | Atelectasis, fibrosis, pulmonary edema, pneumonia
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| What causes rhonchi breath sounds? | show 🗑
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| show | Bronchoconstriction (bronchospasm), asthma
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| What causes pleural friction rub breath sounds? | show 🗑
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| show | Upper airway narrowing or obstruction
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| show | Black
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| What color would bone appear on an x-ray? | show 🗑
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| show | Darker areas of the x-ray
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| Regarding x-ray, what does opaque mean? | show 🗑
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| What would you ask to determine a patient's sensorium or LOC? | show 🗑
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| What is pectus excavatum? | show 🗑
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| What is pectus carinatum? | show 🗑
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| show | Swelling of the lower extremities
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| show | Crepitus; coarse, crackling sensation that may be palpable over the skin surface
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| show | 2 seconds
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