SPC Pulmonary Disease Exam 2
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| In patients with COPD both what are present? | Chronic Bronchitis & Emphysema
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| In Panacinar & Panlobular Emphysema there is what? | Abnormal weakening and enlargement of all alveoli distal to terminal bronchioles to include: respiratory bronchioles, alveolar sacs, alveolar ducts, and alveoli
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| In Centriacincar & Centrilobular Emphysema it involves what? | Respiratory bronchioles in the proximal portion of the acinus.
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| What is the most common form of emphysema and is associated with cigarette smoking? | Centriacinar Emphysema
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| How many people is believed to have chronic bronchitis, emphysema, or both? | 10-15 million
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| A severs deficiency of Alpha 1 poses a strong risk factor for what? | Panacinar Emphysema
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| What factors influence the development of COPD? | 1. Genes
2. Age
3. Lung Growth & Development
4. Exposure to particles: Tobacco, occupational, indoor/outdoor pollution
5. TB, Asthma, Chronic Bronchitis, Infection
6. Socialeconomic status
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| Diagnosis of COPD should be considered for what? | Patient over 40 w/dyspnea, chronic cough, sputum production, exposed to smoking
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| Chest radiograph is poor at diagnosing what? | COPD
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| A Chest radiograph is good at diagnosing what? | pulmonary fibrosis, bronchiectasis, cardiomegaly
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| Type A COPD | Emphysema, Pink Puffer, Pursed Lip Breathing
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| Type B COPD | Chronic Bronchitis, Blue Bloater, Cyanosis
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| Radiology findings of Chronic Bronchitis? | Translucent (dark lung fields and flattened diaphragm
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| Therapeutic options for COPD? | 1. STOP SMOKING
2. smoking prevention
3. nicotine replacement
4. bronchodilators
5. exercise
6. less indoor/outdoor exposure
7. corticosteroids
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| Pharmacologic treatment options for COPD patients? | 1. Vaccines
2. Alpha 1 antitrypsin
3. Mucolytic
4. Vasodilators
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| Other treatment options for COPD? | 1. O2 Therapy
2. Ventilatory Support
3. Surgical
4. Treatment of Comorbid conditions
5. End of life care
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| The NAEPP guidelines include what? | 1. 6 steps of asthma management based upon degree of asthma control
2. 4 levels of asthma, intermittent, mild, moderate, severe
3. Adjustments to manage based upon asthma control
4. Use of action plan for children and adults
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| Asthma is decribed as a lung disorder characterized by? | 1. Reversible bronchial smooth muscle constriction
2. Airway Inflammation
Increased Airway Responsivess to an assortment of stimuli
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| Whats the result of smooth muscle constriction? | Bronchial mucosal edema, and excessive bronchial secretions, air trapping, and alveolar hyperinflation
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| Varicose Brochiectasis | Bronchi are dilated and constricted in a irregular fashion, distorted bulbous shape
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| Cylindrical Brochiectasis | Bronchi are dilated and rigid and have regular outlines like a tube. Xray dilated bronchi fail to taper for 6 to 10 generations then end abruptly
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| Cystic Bronchiectasis | Bronchi progressively in diameter unitll they end in large cystlike sacs
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| Most causes of bronchiectasis include a combination of what? | Obstruction and Infection
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| In developed countries what isvthe most common cause of Bronchiectasis. | Cystic Fibrosis
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| What is Sick Building Syndrome? | A condition where many people living networking in the same building experience different symptoms with no identifiable cause.
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