Biology Lab Midterm
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| Contrast | The degree to which image details stand out against their background
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| Magnification | The amount that the image of an object is enlarged.
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| field of view | circle of light you see when looking into the microscope
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| resolving power | The extent to which object detail in an image is preserved during the magnifying process.
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| parfocal | image remains in coarse focus
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| parcentral | center of field of view remains the same for each objective.
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| depth of field | distance through which you can move the specimen and still have it remain in focus.
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| Macromolecule | large organic materials of which all cells are made.
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| carbohydrate | simple sugar or a larger molecule composed of multiple sugar units.
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| monosaccharide | single sugar molecules
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| disaccharide | two monosaccharides joined together
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| polysaccharide | more than two monosaccharides bonded together
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| lipid | oily or greasy compounds insoluble in water, but dissolvable in non-polar solvents.
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| Protein | enzymes as well as structural components of bones, muscle, hair, fingernails.
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| 3 Principles of Cell Theory | 1.All organisms are composed of cells
2.The cell is the basic living unit of organization
3. All cells arise from preexisting cells.
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| Prokaryotic | cells without a nucleus. (Bacteria)
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| Eukaryotic | cells with a nucleus (plant, animal)
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| nucleus | a double membrane-bounded compartment within the cytoplasm
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| organelle | membrane-bounded compartments specialized to perform specific functions.
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| 3 bacterial shapes | 1.coccus
2.bacillus
3.spirillum
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| What 3 structural features do all eukaryotic cells share? | 1.plasma membrane
2.dna
3.cytoplasm
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| plasma membrane | boundary of all living material
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| cytoplasm | everything within the plasma membrane that is not part of the DNA region.
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| DNA | stores genetic information
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| Solvent | dissolving medium
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| solute | dissolved substance
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| solution | combination of solvent and solute
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| selective permeability | allowing some substances to move easily while completely excluding others.
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| diffusion | the movement of solute molecules from a region of high concentration to one of lower concentration.
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| osmosis | movement of water across selectively permeable membranes.
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| concentration gradient | the difference in concentration of like molecules in two regions
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| equilibrium | the concentration of solvent and solute molecules becomes equally distributed.
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| turgid | water moves into cell creating turgor pressure which presses cytoplasm against the cell wall.
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| plasmolysis | cell losing water causing wilting
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| catalyst | lowers the amount of energy necessary for a chemical reaction to occur
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| enzyme-substrate complex | substrate and enzyme reacting together
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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