PT care
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| define trauma | show 🗑
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| what are the precautions used for trauma | show 🗑
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| show | YES
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| two things to assess and observe if pt is transferred to imaging dept. | show 🗑
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| who is the emergency team | show 🗑
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| when can dressing,splints,sandbags,collars or other supportive devices be removed? | show 🗑
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| show | false, not w/o pt DR order to do so
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| show | a physician interprets radiograph and CLEARS pt of injury
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| impaled objects or injured areas require_______ when moving them | show 🗑
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| the log roll requires assistance why? | show 🗑
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| show | NO
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| Things the radiographer prepares to assist w/ are... | show 🗑
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| three things a radiographer must do to minimize repeats on a trauma pt | show 🗑
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| things not to displace during exam | show 🗑
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| show | time,distance,shielding
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| show | basic rules for trauma
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| what are battle signs____________________ what are coon's eyes__________________ | show 🗑
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| what is frequently used method for head injury | show 🗑
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| if pt has head injury you have to assume there is ________ injury | show 🗑
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| show | open-brain vulnerable to damage and infection----closed or blunt-swelling of brain tissue,pressure and brain damage
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| show | varying LOC,loss of reflexs,changes in vital signs,headache, dizziness,giddiness,gait abnormalaties,unequal pupil dilation,seizures,vomiting,hemiparesis
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| show | abraisons,contusions,lacerations,break or penetration in skull or meninges,varying LOC,subconjuctival hemorrhage,hearing loss,facial nerve play, periorbital ecchymosis,basa fracture
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| radiographers response for head injury | show 🗑
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| facial injury manifestations | show 🗑
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| TorF---pt must not have nasal suction preformed for facial injury | show 🗑
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| show | "swimmers"-flacid paralysis,loss of all muscles below injury,respitaory distress,bradycardia,loss of body temp, unable to perspire,absence of skin, organ sensation below site, unstable low BP,incontinience,priapism,
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| show | asymmetrical flacid paralysis, asymmetrical loss of reflexes below level of injury, some feeling of pain temp pressure touch, stable BP,perspire unilaterally,some skin organ sensation
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| show | monitor vitals,keep warm,maintain open airway only using jaw downward movement not chin lift,move synchronized log roll method,observe for signs of shock,if pt is unconscious assume spinal injury
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| things to look for in cross table lateral and swimmers | show 🗑
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| show | basal skull fx
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| show | incomplete or partial dislocation
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| show | pathology of bony thorax,lung field,cardiac silhoutte,soft tissue,line placement(increase in density) trach tube,catheters,PICC,pacemakers,chest tubes
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| show | observe pt from beginning to end,knowledge creativity and adaption, preform exam w/speed and pt comfort,radiation protection,follow rules and guidelines
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| what is an open fx | show 🗑
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| show | false, it may be, it may show deformity and swelling,hemmorrage within tissue,reddness,loss of movement,loss of pulse,numbness of tingling,involountary spasms
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| show | internal injury after fx of pelvic bones
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| should a possible fx pelvis be kept in mind for a pt w/multiple traumatic injuries | show 🗑
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| show | blunt or penetrating trauma to the thorax. pneumothorax-air or gas in pleural space that collapses lung. hemothorax-blood in pleural space, and one more for good measure-pus-pyothorax
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| show | pain and swelling, functional loss and deformity of the limb, grating sound or feel,discoloration of surrounding tissue caused by hemorrhage within the tissue(closed fx) overt bleeding(open fx)
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| show | keep affected area immobilized,movement must be directed by MD,inform pt before movement,use sterile gloves if cin contact w/wound,support joint and limb above and below fx,move as single unit with two people one at either end
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| what are some examples of abdomenal trauma | show 🗑
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| show | abrasions,lacerations,entry&exit wounds,contutionsrigid abdomen,abdomonal pain,nausea and vomiting,extreme thirst,symptoms of hypovolemic shock
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| radiographers response for abdomen trauma/acute distress | show 🗑
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| who are the pediatric patients | show 🗑
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| show | FALSE special care and knowledge for each group and cases vary
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| show | 15
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| when caring for children 5-things must be done | show 🗑
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| ways to establish rapport w/child | show 🗑
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| show | TRUE
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| Is a birth to 6mos child fearful of strangers | show 🗑
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| show | 3-6yrs
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| How does a child 6-12yrs respond | show 🗑
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| at what age does a child have heightened awareness of their body | show 🗑
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| what is the NICU | show 🗑
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| what is protocol for entering NICU | show 🗑
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| show | nurse
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| you shoud provide lead apron for nursing assistant | show 🗑
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| why provide shielding for the NICU | show 🗑
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| show | ALARA(time distance shielding), collimation, short exposure time,high MA to reduce exposure, if you have an dinfection or cough or cut on your hand let some one else go to the NICU
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| show | non-judgemental attitude, therapeutic communication, identify and educate pt, privacy, simple terms allow questions,allow parent if pt wishes and policy allows, allow choices if possible
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| show | only when necessary
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| If pt is immobilized a parent doesn't have to be notified or given reason for it | show 🗑
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| IT is your ethical and legal obligation to report these three types of child abuse | show 🗑
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| show | child says harmed, knowledge of unusual injury to child, parent unable to explain
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| show | excessively compliant,fearful,passive, agressive or physically violent child or caretaker attempts to hide injuries, detailed or age-inappropriate comments of sexual behavior
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| who medicates pt | show 🗑
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| show | contrast media if pt is awake, responsive and any allergy out of way
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| show | no, risk of complications assessed before,child must be awake prior to discharge
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| questions to ask for assessment of administering medication | show 🗑
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| should all persons be assessed by chronological age or individual basis | show 🗑
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| things a tech should pay attention to | show 🗑
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| show | disorientation confusion paranoia hallucinations
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| pt w/dementia will be able to understand and remember directions and can be left unattended | show 🗑
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| show | care to prevent falls, assist in positioning and getting on and off the table
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| skin is more_______ and pt less responsive to ______ | show 🗑
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| show | geriatric
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| you can assume a geriatric pt has hearing loss and you can yell | show 🗑
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| show | breathless fatigue cough refleex less effective more prone to aspirate, drink contrast upright, chronic pulmonary disease cannot lie flat more than brief period due to dyspnea use 2nd full inspiration to ensure lung expansion
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| neurologically geriatric pt fully responsive to pain stimuli and process information quickly | show 🗑
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| show | hypothermia cold caused by decreased circulation, avoid chilling. postural hypotension feeling dizzy by rapid positioning changes
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| name some special conditions for geriatric pts for GI system/hepatic/GU | show 🗑
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| show | no
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| show | YES
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| how is geriatric pt checked to determine rate of healing | show 🗑
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| manifestations after hip replacement | show 🗑
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| show | continuous passive motion device weight bearing restricted knee cannot be hyperflexed pt should not kneel
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| what type of tube is inserted through the nasopharynx into the stomach | show 🗑
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| show | keep stomach free of gastric contents,diagnostic exam,administor feeding&meds, treat intestinal obstruction,control bleeding,during disease process pre or post-op to assist with healing
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| what is a nasoenteric tube (NG) | show 🗑
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| show | Nasoenteric Tube (NE)
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| name some nasogastric tubes | show 🗑
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| two most common NG tubes found in radiology and description | show 🗑
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| what NG is a triple lumen and is seen more in the ICU and can be done portabley | show 🗑
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| name a NE tube and where it enters body | show 🗑
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| how is progress and placement of tube observed | show 🗑
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| show | assist
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| show | NG tubes, not NE because peristaltic action keeps tube in position
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| things to remember about NG tubes | show 🗑
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| what tube can a radiographer remove with physician order | show 🗑
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| what tube can only be removed by MD or RN | show 🗑
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| what should a radiographer do to reduce risk of aspiration on pt w/ NE and NG tubes | show 🗑
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| show | before administering medication,food,water or contrast- radiograph or test aspirated fluid for acidity
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| show | NO, suction devices can be discontinued w/DR orders, must know length of time suction can be delayed
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| how do you know the amount of pressure for suction, | show 🗑
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| show | 25mm Hg
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| is a single or double lumen tube okay to clamp for transport purpose | show 🗑
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| show | surgical opening into stomach
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| show | through surgical opening of stomach a tube is placed inside stomach to abdominal wall
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| show | prevent infection,dislodgement,sensitive to pt feelings, tube is clamped after feeding
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| show | feeding on temp or perm basis
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| show | dressing will be in place, older may not have
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| what is central venous catheter | show 🗑
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| placement for CV catheter | show 🗑
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| how are CV catheters confirmed for correct placement | show 🗑
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| show | PPN-placed in lg peripheral vein,TPN-least common, lg vein in central venous system,controlled by IV pump,hypersmotic solutions would damage peripheral veins
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| show | tunneled to exit the anterior chest, inserted into subclavian or internal jugular vein then into SVC or r.atrium, names-hickman,broviac,groshong
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| what is PICC | show 🗑
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| where is PICC placed | show 🗑
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| implanted ports are needed for | show 🗑
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| show | not visible can be felt, implanted into subcutaneous tissue in the chest
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| needle and catheter insertion on an implanted port | show 🗑
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| show | exit, short and longterm care
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| things radiographer should be aware of for CVC | show 🗑
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| Is it in the radiographers scope of practice to do suctioning | show 🗑
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| show | profuse vomiting in pt that can't change position,audible rattling or gurgling sound from throat,signs or respitory distress
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| what to do if suspected suctioning needed | show 🗑
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| opening created surgically to relieve respitory distress or improve respitory function. can be permanent or temp. | show 🗑
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| what helps seal and protect air leaks and aspiration of gastric contents for a tracheostomy | show 🗑
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| things to be aware of while caring for pt w/tracheostomy | show 🗑
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| mechanical ventilation is used for | show 🗑
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| pulmonary emboli and severe respitory disease are _______________ | show 🗑
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| extrapulmonary disorders such as CVA and Guillain-Barre syndrome are______________ | show 🗑
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| what type of ventilators are more common, purpose and requirement | show 🗑
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| things radiographer should be aware of with a patient on ventilator | show 🗑
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| show | inserted through mouth into trachea,cuff is inflated,hence open airway established. The tube prevents aspiration of foreign objects into bronchus
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| show | 5-7cm above carina (tracheal bifurcation), 20% of tubes require repositioning after initial insertion
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| show | on a daily basis to ensure tube has not shifted,handle pt with care so to prevent this
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| what happens if endotracheal tube is inserted is inserted to far and enters the R. bronchi | show 🗑
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| if the tube is not positioned far enough down into trachea, too high, | show 🗑
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| show | chest tube
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| a total or partial collapse of the lung , absence of gas from part or whole lung is | show 🗑
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| show | thoracotomy
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| show | one or more chest tubes
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| show | water-sealed drainage unit
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| things a radiographer must know about the water-sealed drainage unit | show 🗑
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| show | if water sealed chamber is continuously bubbling, or pt has rapi,shallow breathing,cyanosis, or complaint of pressure on chest
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| Tissue drains are placed where | show 🗑
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| what is a fistula | show 🗑
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| show | hemovac,jackson-pratt, penrose
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| what is penrose drain | show 🗑
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| what is jackson-pratt and hemovac and which one is most common | show 🗑
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| show | common bile duct
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| placement for Cecostomy tube | show 🗑
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| show | in kidney
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| patient care for tissue drains/tubes | show 🗑
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