Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation
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| This is a blood vessel that conveys blood from the tissues back to the heart. | Vein
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| Which part of the wall of an artery is responsible for vasoconstriction? | The middle layer of smooth muscle
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| This layer of the artery is composed mainly of elastic and collagen fibers. | Outer layer
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| What do elastic arteries do? | They have many elastic fibers that stretch as blood is pushed into them and recoil to push blood forward while the ventricles relax
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| Capillaries are also known as | Exchange vessels
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| Which of the following is the most important capillary exchange method? | Filtration
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| The largest factor that promotes reabsorption of fluids from the interstitial fluids ad into capillaries is | Blood colloid osmotic pressure
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| What increases systemic vascular resistance? | Increased blood viscosity, Increased blood cell count, Decreased vessel lumen diameter
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| What vessels drains blood from the lower leg? | Tibial vein
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| This layer contains a lining of simple squamous epithelium, a basement membrane and a layer of elastic tissue. | Inner layer
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| This layer is innervated by the sympathetic nervous system: | Middle layer
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| What blood vessel that distributes blood to organs? | Arteries
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| Where is most of the blood in circulation found at any given time, resulting in the term blood reservoir for these vessels? | Veins
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| Which component of the nervous system innervates vascular smooth muscle and regulates vasoconstriction and vasodilation | The central nervous system
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| When an artery or arteriole is damaged, its smooth muscle contracts producing? | A vascular spasm
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| This vessel plays a key role in regulating blood flow into capillaries: | Arterioles
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| What controls the flow of blood through a capillary bed? | Precapillary sphincter
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| The pressure driven movement of fluids and solutes from blood into interstitial fluid is called | Filtration
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| Which of the following factors is most important in forcing blood flow through veins? | Muscular activity
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| Where is the cardiovascular center located? | In the medulla oblongata
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| What would be the response of the body because of decreased frequency of action potentials arising from the baroreceptors? | Increased blood pressure
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| Chemoreceptors in the carotid and aortic bodies respond to which chemicals in the bloodstream? | Carbon dioxide, Oxygen, and Hydrogen
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| What hormones would NOT cause an increase in blood pressure? | Atrial Natriuretic Peptide
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| What hormones would cause an increase in blood pressure? | Antidiuretic Hormone, Aldosterone, Angiotensin
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| The myogenic response makes smooth muscle | Contract more forcefully when stretched
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| Where is pulse the strongest? | Arteries closest to the heart
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| Where does a pulse disappear? | Capillaries
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| The pulmonary trunk divides into | Right and left pulmonary arteries
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| What vessels supplies blood to the intestines? | Mesenteric artery
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| Which vessels supply blood to the kidney? | Renal artery
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| All the veins of the systemic circulation drain into the | Superior and inferior vena cava and coronary sinus
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| What vessels drains blood from the lower body to the right atrium? | Inferior vena cava
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| What vessels drains blood from the head and neck? | Jugular vein
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| This layer of the artery consists mainly of elastic fibers and smooth muscle fibers that extend circularly around the lumen. | Middle l;ayer
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