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A&P Ch 23

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Question	Answer
This is a blood vessel that conveys blood from the tissues back to the heart.	Vein
Which part of the wall of an artery is responsible for vasoconstriction?	The middle layer of smooth muscle
This layer of the artery is composed mainly of elastic and collagen fibers.	Outer layer
What do elastic arteries do?	They have many elastic fibers that stretch as blood is pushed into them and recoil to push blood forward while the ventricles relax
Capillaries are also known as	Exchange vessels
Which of the following is the most important capillary exchange method?	Filtration
The largest factor that promotes reabsorption of fluids from the interstitial fluids ad into capillaries is	Blood colloid osmotic pressure
What increases systemic vascular resistance?	Increased blood viscosity, Increased blood cell count, Decreased vessel lumen diameter
What vessels drains blood from the lower leg?	Tibial vein
This layer contains a lining of simple squamous epithelium, a basement membrane and a layer of elastic tissue.	Inner layer
This layer is innervated by the sympathetic nervous system:	Middle layer
What blood vessel that distributes blood to organs?	Arteries
Where is most of the blood in circulation found at any given time, resulting in the term blood reservoir for these vessels?	Veins
Which component of the nervous system innervates vascular smooth muscle and regulates vasoconstriction and vasodilation	The central nervous system
When an artery or arteriole is damaged, its smooth muscle contracts producing?	A vascular spasm
This vessel plays a key role in regulating blood flow into capillaries:	Arterioles
What controls the flow of blood through a capillary bed?	Precapillary sphincter
The pressure driven movement of fluids and solutes from blood into interstitial fluid is called	Filtration
Which of the following factors is most important in forcing blood flow through veins?	Muscular activity
Where is the cardiovascular center located?	In the medulla oblongata
What would be the response of the body because of decreased frequency of action potentials arising from the baroreceptors?	Increased blood pressure
Chemoreceptors in the carotid and aortic bodies respond to which chemicals in the bloodstream?	Carbon dioxide, Oxygen, and Hydrogen
What hormones would NOT cause an increase in blood pressure?	Atrial Natriuretic Peptide
What hormones would cause an increase in blood pressure?	Antidiuretic Hormone, Aldosterone, Angiotensin
The myogenic response makes smooth muscle	Contract more forcefully when stretched
Where is pulse the strongest?	Arteries closest to the heart
Where does a pulse disappear?	Capillaries
The pulmonary trunk divides into	Right and left pulmonary arteries
What vessels supplies blood to the intestines?	Mesenteric artery
Which vessels supply blood to the kidney?	Renal artery
All the veins of the systemic circulation drain into the	Superior and inferior vena cava and coronary sinus
What vessels drains blood from the lower body to the right atrium?	Inferior vena cava
What vessels drains blood from the head and neck?	Jugular vein
This layer of the artery consists mainly of elastic fibers and smooth muscle fibers that extend circularly around the lumen.	Middle l;ayer

Created by: A&Pmanualtherapies

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