Horticulture key terms unit 4
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| aggregation | the clinging together of soil particles to form larger, crumblike particles
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| biochemical | a chemical formed by a living organism
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| capillary water | water held against the force of gravity
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| dormancy | in a resting or non-growing state
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| field capacity | water left after capillary movement stops
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| gravitational water | water that the soil is unable to hold against the force of gravity
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| loam | soil with approximately equal amounts of sand, silt and clay; generally considered the best type of soil for plant growth
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| limestone | a natural rock used to reduce soil acidity
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| medium | a material that is used to start and grow seeds and plants
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| macroelements | major elements of fertilizer: nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium,- NPK
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| microelements | plant nutrients needed in small quantities
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| perlite | a grey-white material of volcanic orgin used to improve aeration of the media
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| photoperiodism | response of plants to different periods of light and darkness in terms of flowering, reproduction cycle, and dormancy
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| peat moss | partially decomposed vegetation that has been preserved underwater
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| slow-release fertilizers | fertilizer that releases plant nutrients over a long period of time
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| soilless mix | contains combinations of perlite, sphagnum moss, peat moss, vermiculite, limestone, tree bark, and slow -release fertilizers
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| sphagnum moss | dehydrated remains of acid bog plants, used in shredded form for starting seeds
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| transpiration | loss of water through the leaves or stems of plants
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| texture triangle | to determine the textural name of a soil
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| tree bark | bark of pine or hardwood trees ground in small pieces
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| vermiculite | a light mineral with neutral pH used to increase the moisture-holding capacity of media
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