Lab Final
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| What is hemolysis? | destruction of blood cells
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| Where is the major artery located in the arm? | upper inner arm
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| What tests can not be done on with a skin puncture on a child, must be venipuncture only | potassium, PT, and blood cultures
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| Why do we do a modified Allen test, what does it tell us? | makes sure radial artery and ulnar artery are both working properly
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| What test are reported to a doctor ASAP? | STAT and critical values
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| What does a qualtative test tell you and how is it measured? | Positive or negative
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| What does the pancreas produce? | insulin
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| What specimen is needed or collected for an ova and parasite (O&P)? | stool sample AKA fecal sample
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| What type of patient is ambulatory care? | outpatient
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| What is one reason we do NOT draw on a specific arm? | mastectomy
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| What analyte is sensitive to light? | bilirubin
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| What is a fomite? | any inanimate object capable of transmitting infection organisims
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| If a potassium is not run in time what happens to the value? | the level increases gives a false high result
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| Phlebotomist job consist of what duties? | clerical, clinical, and technical
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| What phase of the process do we have the greatest impact | pre analytical
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| What 2 specific tests require being kept at body temperature? | cold agglutinin and clot retraction
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| What does cyanotic mean? | lack of oxygen, blue
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| What part of the patient do we perform an ivy bleeding time on | forearm above the wrist
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| What component of the chain of infection am I if I am on immunosuppressive therapy? | susceptible host
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| What is the difference between quality control and quality assurance? | QC focuses on mechanics QA focuses on humans
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| What does INR mean? | international normalized ratio
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| If there is a problem with an instrument what are you NOT going to do? | keep running tests
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| How do we ensure instruments run properly everyday? | quality control
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| What is our acceptable range of deviation for a test | plus or minus 2
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| What is the most common way to get a false negative on a blood culture and biggest error | not drawing enough blood into bottles
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| What type of test can we learn on the job | waived testing
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| Who establishes the levels for laboratory test complexity? | CLIA
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| What is the best urine sample to collect for cultures | midstream clean catch
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| Patient has someone on POA what law do we still have to follow? | HIPPA
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| If you draw a patient without their permission what can you be charged with? | assault and battery
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| How does a body try to restore hemostasis after a blood draw or cut? | vascular spasm, platelet plug, blood clotting, fibrinolysis
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| What is the medical term for arrest of bleeding? | hemostasis
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| What blood test measures the time it takes for a small incision to stop bleeding? | bleeding time
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| What is the test for coagulation factors of intrinsic pathway? | APTT
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| What is a clot in the vein? | thrombus
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| A newborn with hemorrhagic disease is caused by a lack of? | vitamin K
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| BUN (blood urea nitrogen) measures what? | the amount of nitrogen in your blood produced by waste product urea
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| What are lipids? | fat
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| Elevated glucose level | hyperglycemia
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| Point of care (POCT) testing is: | done at the bedside
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| Where are the Levy Jennings charts located? | quality control manual
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| One thing that should NEVER be found in the lab is: | a patient chart
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| Which tube(s) do NOT contains a coagulation factor in it: | SST, red, tiger top, gold tubes
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| Dr ordered a CK(creatine kinase) and a lactic acid what bodily system is he concerned about: | muscular system
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| What stage of coagulation is the fibrinolysis stage? | 4th and final stage, resolves the clot and returns vessel to normal function
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| What are the three veins normally used in phlebotomy? | basilic, median, cephalic
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| What is on an acceptable blood smear? | feathered edge, covers 2/3 to 3/4th of the slide
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| Which tube additive destroys enzymes in the blood? | sodium fluoride, grey tube
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| What is a basal state? | metabolic condition after 12 hrs of fasting and rest
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| Why do we not use our thumb when we palpate a vein? | thumb has a pulse
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| What do you NOT use with an arterial draw? | tourniquet
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| What do we use to clean blood culture sites? | chlorhexidine
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| If we are testing an acid base balance on a respiratory patient what test do we run? | ABG Arterial blood gas
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| What is the legal term when a patient gives permission to be touched and drawn after being asked. | informed consent
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| What federal law says that labs must have written policies? | CLIA
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| The legal term that refers to what any reasonable person would have done under same circumstance | standard of care
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| What is the legal term for failure to perform according to standard of care? | negligence
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| A packed cell volume test (PVC) gives us the percentage of RBC's in the blood is known as: | Hematocrit
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| Stress, anxiety, or fear can increase what in the blood? | WBC White blood cell count
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| Which analyte is sensitive to light | bilirubin
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| What equipment is needed for an ETS draw | hub, double sided needle, tube, gauze, alcohol, tourniquet
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| A blood disorder in which the blood doesn't clot is: | hemophilia
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| the acronym for fire extinguisher is: | PASS, pull, aim, squeeze, sweep
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| What do you not use when drawing an ethanol or alcohol specimen | alcohol pad
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| Neutrophils and basophils (NLMEB) never let monkeys eat bananas tells us: | Neutrophils highest 54%-62% Basophils lowest 0%-1%
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| 9:1 stands for | nine parts blood to one part sodium citrate
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| which tube is used when checking for arsenic poisoning | Royal blue
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| What color tube(s) and additive(s) prevent coagulation by removing calcium from blood | light blue sodium citrate, lavender EDTA, grey potassium oxalate and sodium fluoride
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| What department monitors medication and anticoagulation therapy? | coagulation department
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| Order of draw | blood culture, light blue, sst, green, lavender, grey
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| What additive preserves liable coagulation factors | sodium citrate light blue
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| When a blood specimen clots, what is the portion that remains called? | plasma
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| What tube stabilizes glucose for three days? | grey
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| What tube contains thrombin and what color is the hemoguard | orange
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| If I am using a 4.5ml citrate tube and I draw 3mls of blood what needs to be done? | recollect it is QNS
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| What tube promotes clotting? | thrombin tubes
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| What tube contains heparin with gel separator | light green, STAT tube
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| What department does a pale yellow tube go to? | SPS tube, micro, ACD tube, hematology
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| What department does serum go to? | Chemistry
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| How does EDTA prevent clotting? | binds calcium
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| What difference is there when doing a butterfly/winged infusion set instead of an ETS draw? | no difference except needing to clear the line on a winged set and possible transfer device if syringe is used
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| What is the most common EDTA tube used | lavender
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| What tube is used for a liver profile | sst, gold
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| What tube is a CBC drawn in | Lavender
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| What tube is used for diabetic GTT draws? | Grey
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| What test and tube do we do on a patient that is on coumarin therapy? | APTT, light blue sodium citrate
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| What tube is collected first on a dermal draw? | lavender
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| What anticoagulant is in the green top tube? | heparin
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| What type of tube is used when collecting blood with no anticoagulant? | serum tube
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| What tube is used for a WBC count | Lavender
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| What tube do we use when testing for copper | royal blue
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| What is the personal bubble called? | zone of comfort
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| Which phase of testing is labeling and identifying your specimen | pre analytical
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| When a patient is scared what increases? | white blood cell count
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| When there is an IV in place, where do you draw the blood? | below the IV with IV off
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| What test is used to check for diabetes | GTT glucose tolerance test
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| What happens if you shake a specimen too hard or to long | hemolysis
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| How long does blood take to coagulate with no additive | 30 to 60 minutes
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| Why do we use standard precautions | reduce risk of transmission
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| The most negligent lawsuits are due to | HIPPA violations
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| Who is the CDC | center for disease control
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| What agency requires employees to protect their workers exposed to biological hazards | OSHA
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| What body system produces hormones | endocrine system
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| What does distal pressure tell you? | relaxation phase
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| What do the atrioventricular valves do | close to prevent back flow into the atria
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| What feature should be present on a blood smear? | feathered edge
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| When can/should we opt to do a dermal? | neonatal, morbidly obese, icu, hourly draw
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| When can we NOT do a dermal? | blood cultures, citrate tube, when large amount of blood is needed
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| What are the first three things you do with every draw? | introduce yourself, identify the patient, wash hands
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| What is the alternative if we do not have a tourniquet or one big enough for obese patients | blood pressure cuff
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| How are arteries different from veins | Arteries are larger, pulsate, and veins have valves
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| What is the alternative to drawing in the arm | dorsal side of hand
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| Where is a tourniquet placed? | at least three inches above the draw site
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| What tube do we use for STAT chemistries | lithium heparin, mint green
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| What is the max depth for dermal on a newborn | two mm or less
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| The larger the guage of a needle the _____________ | smaller the the size
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| The smaller the guage of a needle the ____________ | larger the size
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| What disease wastes away the muscles | muscular dystrophy
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| What is an acute facility? | short term
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| venesection and venesection mean the samething. what do they mean? | to cut a vein, phlebotomy
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| What is dermatitis | inflammation of the skin
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| What does post prandial mean? | after eating
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| When does a healthcare acquired chain of infection occur? | when the chain of infection is complete
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| What type of precaution is taken with herpes | contact precaution
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| If a tourniquet is left on too long what changes in the blood | potassium level rises giving false result
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| OSHA requires employees to inform all employees of any possible chemical or health hazards in the work place, this is called | right to know
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| A K+, CL-, and Na++ are pair tof | an electrolyte panel
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| What stain is used of a blood smear | Wright's stain
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| What is the total magnification of a microscope with a 10x eyepiece and a 40x objective | 400
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| What tests for dehydration and cell starvation in urine? | ketones
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| What tube stabilizes glucose for up to 3 days? | grey, sodium fluoride
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| What is done different when using a winged infusion to draw blood? | use a red top sterile tube to clear the line
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| What is the additive in the pale Yellow tube used for blood cultures? | Sodium Polyanthenolesulfonate
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| What type of care is an acute care facility? | Short term usually one night or short term rehab
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| What changes when a patient changes position quickly? | Iron
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| What decreases when a patient is scared or stressed? | Iron
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