Rad Bio 10 5 12 14
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| show | International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP)
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| nongovernmental, nonprofit, private corporation in US, reviews recommendations by the ICRP, determines how recommendations can be used in the US | show 🗑
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| formulates radiation protection guidelines; evaluates human & environmental ionizing radiation exposures from radioactive materials, radiation-producing machines, & radiation accidents | show 🗑
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| reviews studies of biologic effects on ionizing radiation on groups of people; early radiation workers, atomic bomb victims of Hiroshima & Nagasaki, evacuees from Chernobyl nuclear power station disaster | show 🗑
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| regulates use of radioactive isotopes in nuc-med in hospitals | show 🗑
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| show | Agreement States
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| facilitates the development & enforcement of regulations pertaining to the control of radiation in the environment | show 🗑
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| show | US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
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| show | Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA)
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| Functions of the Radiation Safety Committee include: | show 🗑
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| show | oversees the programs daily operation & provides for formal review of the program each year
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| show | - medical physicist
- health physicist
- radiologist
- Other individuals qualified through adequate training and experience
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| show | to protect the public from the hazards of unnecessary radiation exposure resulting from electronic products & diagnostic x-ray equipment
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| When was ALARA established & by whom? | show 🗑
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| what kind of model does ALARA follow? | show 🗑
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| Early Tissue Reactions | show 🗑
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| show | cataract formation, fibrosis, organ atrophy, loss of parenchymal cells, reduced fertility, sterility
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| show | cancer, genetic (hereditary) effects, mutagenesis
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| irradiation of DNA of somatic cells leading to abnormalities in new cells as they divide in the individual | show 🗑
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| non-threshold, randomly occurring biologic changes; chances of occurrence increase with each radiation exposure (cancer & genetic alterations) | show 🗑
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| assumes that a linear non-threshold relationship exists between radiation dose and biologic response | show 🗑
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| method for controlling risk of biologic damage to radiation workers and the general public | show 🗑
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| What is the EfD limiting system based on? | show 🗑
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| What is the chance a radiographer has a fatal accident over his/her entire career? | show 🗑
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| How may the limits be expressed for the EfD limiting system? | show 🗑
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| indicates the ratio of the risk of stochastic effects attributable to irradiation of a given organ or tissue (T) to the total risk when the whole body is uniformly irradiated | show 🗑
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| show | 50 mSv (5 rems)
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| show | medical & natural background exposure
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| show | 10 times the occupationally exposed persons age in years
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| show | cumulative EfD limit
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| What is the annual EfD limit for nonoccupationally exposed individuals | show 🗑
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| show | 0.5 mSv per month (0.05 rems) for the fetus & 5.0 mSv (0.5 rems) for the worker
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| what is the EfD limit for any education & training of individuals under the age of 18 years | show 🗑
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| show | 150 mSv (15 rems)
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| What is the limit for localized areas of the skin, hands, and feet | show 🗑
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| what is the negligible individual dose | show 🗑
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| personnel dosimeter readings should be below ______ of the maximum EfD limits | show 🗑
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| show | Radiation Hormesis
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| show | personal dosimetry
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| show | 10%; 50 mSv (5rem)
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| most health care facilities issue dosimeters when personnel could receive approximately ____ of their annual occupational EfD in any month or about _____ | show 🗑
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| purpose of personnel dosimeter | show 🗑
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| show | at collar level (thyroid/head)
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| show | the 1st primary dosimeter is to be worn outside the protective apparel at collar level & the 2nd is beneath apron on waist level
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| where is personnel dosimeter worn for pregnant diagnostic imaging personnel? | show 🗑
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| A thermo-luminescent dosimeter (TLD) ring badge is worn as a 2nd monitor when performing radiographic procedures that require the hands to be near the primary x-ray beam | show 🗑
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| show | lightweight, durable to tolerate daily use, detect & record small & large exposures, outside influences do not affect performance, & inexpensive
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