3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4
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| Culture | The shared beliefs, values, practices, behaviors, and technologies of a society.
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| Cultural Traits | Visible and invisible attributes that combine to make up a group’s culture.
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| Local/Traditional Culture | Small, homogenous (similar) groups of people, often living in rural areas that are isolated and unlikely to change.
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| Global/Popular Culture | Large, heterogeneous groups of people, often living in urban areas that are interconnected through globalization and the internet/social media. Quick to change, time-space compression.
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| Ethnocentrism | Judging other cultures in terms of one's own standards and often includes the belief that one’s own culture/ethnic group is better than others.
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| Cultural Relativism | An unbiased way of viewing another culture, the goal of this is to promote understanding of cultural practices that are not typically part of one’s own culture. Leads to the view that no one culture is superior to another culture when compared.
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| Cultural Landscape | The visible imprint of human activity on the landscape. Reflects cultural beliefs and values.
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| Sequent Occupancy | The idea that societies or cultural groups leave their cultural imprints when they live in a place, each contributing to the overall cultural landscape over time.
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| Traditional Architecture | Influenced by the environment and built with available local materials. Reflective of history, culture and CLIMATE.
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| Postmodern Architecture | Diverse designs, representative of popular culture, business and economic success. Example: Skyscrapers.
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| Ethnic Patterns | There is oftentimes a predictable distribution of ethnicities that can be examined at multiple scales.
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| Indigenous Communities | Culturally distinct ethnic groups who are native to a place which has been colonized and settled by another ethnic group (also referred to as first people, aboriginal people, native people).
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| Ethnicity | A sense of belonging or identity within a group of people bound by common ancestry and culture. This is different from race (which is based on physical characteristics).
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| Sense of Place | Unique attributes of a specific location - cultural influences and feelings evoked by people in a place. Distinctiveness.
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| Placemaking | Community-driven process in which people collaborate to create a place where they can live, work, play, and earn.
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| Centripetal Forces | Characteristics that unify a country and provide stability.
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| Centrifugal Forces | Characteristics that divide a country and create instability, conflict and violence.
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| Relocation Diffusion | The spread of a person, thing, or idea through physical movement of people from one place to the other.
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| Contagious Diffusion (Type of Expansion Diffusion) | The rapid, widespread diffusion from a hearth throughout a population.
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| Hierarchical Diffusion (Type of Expansion Diffusion) | The spread of cultural traits from the most interconnected, powerful, wealthy people/organizations down to others. It can go in reverse too.
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| Stimulus Diffusion (Type of Expansion Diffusion) | When one group receives a culture element from another but gives it a new and unique form.
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