Health and disease
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Health | A state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not only the absence of disease and infirmity.
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| Disease | A malfunction of the mind or body.
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| Physical disease | Permanent or temporary damage to any part of the body.
Eg. multiple sclerosis, dengue fever, measles
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| Mental disease | Changes to the mind which may or may not have a physical cause. Eg. schizophrenia, depression, anxiety
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| Acute disease | Disease with a rapid onset that lasts for a short time.
Eg. influenza, dengue fever
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| Chronic disease | Disease with slow onset that lasts for a long time.
Eg. chronic bronchitis
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| Infectious (communicable) disease | Causative agent is a pathogen
Eg. dengue fever, HIV/AIDS, measles
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| Non-infectious (non-communicable) disease | Any disease not caused by a pathogen
Eg. stroke, multiple sclerosis
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| Deficiency disease | Caused by a poor diet Eg. iron deficiency anaemia
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| Degenerative disease | A gradual decline in body functions Eg. coronary heart disease, HIV/AIDS
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| Inherited (genetic) disease | A genetic disease caused by a faulty allele
Eg. sickle cell anaemia, haemophilia, Huntington's disorder, severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome (SCID)
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| Self-inflicted disease | Damages to the body brought about by a person's own actions Eg. lung cancer, drug dependency, Type 2 diabetes.
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| Social disease | Disease often influenced by social behaviours of others Eg. lung cancer, drug dependency.
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| Epidemiology | The study pf the spread of disease and the factors that affect it.
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| Incidence | The number of new cases of a disease in a population in a given time.
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| Incidence formula | = number of new cases of a given disease in a certain period/ number of individuals in a population
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| Prevalence | The overall number of people in a population with a particular disease at a given time, regardless of when the disease was first recognized.
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| Mortality rate | The number of people who have died of a particular disease in a given time.
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| Mortality rate formula | = number of deaths due to particular disease/ number of individuals in the population OR number of affected individuals in the population
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| Morbidity | The number of people who have a particular disease in a given time.
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| Endemic | Infectious diseases are referred to as endemic if the disease is always present in the population.
Eg. chickenpox
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| Epidemic | Refers to any disease that spreads suddenly to a large number of people over a widespread area.
Eg. Yellow fever
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| Pandemic | Refers to a disease outbreak that spreads across countries and continents.
Eg. HIV/AIDS.
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CAPE Biology Unit 2
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