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AP Human Geography

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Term
Definition
show the population size of a species that the environment can sustain indefinitely given the available resources  
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overpopulation   show
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demography   show
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census   show
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ecumene   show
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show land suited for agriculture  
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demographic transition model   show
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show the additional growth that countries experience after CBR declines  
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ZPG   show
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Anti-natalist policy   show
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pro-natalist policy   show
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push factor   show
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pull factor   show
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show permanent movement compelled by cultural or environmental factors  
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voluntary migration   show
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show total # of immigrants and emigrants and which is more  
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Guest worker   show
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show migration that follows a path of a series of stages or steps toward a final destination  
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intervening obstacle   show
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refugee   show
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show someone who has migrated to another country in the hope of being recognized as a refugee  
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internally displaced people   show
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show the customs, arts, social institutions and achievements of a particular nation people or other social group  
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habit   show
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custom   show
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folk culture   show
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show culture found in large heterogeneous society that shares certain habits despite differences in other personal characteristics  
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show a place name usually a reflection of history, the founders, or physical features  
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show contributions or imprints left on a place by different groups who have occupied that space  
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show combination of cultural, economic and natural elements that make up my landscape  
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diffusion   show
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show diffusion in an additive process  
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show diffusion through movement of people  
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hierarchical diffusion   show
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show collection of languages within a family related through common ancestral language that existed several thousand years ago  
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show collection of languages within a super family related through common ancestral language that existed long before recorded history  
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show a regional variety of a language distinguished by vocabulary, spelling and pronunciation  
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lingua franca   show
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creole language   show
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show grammatically simplified language made up of 2 or more languages  
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contagious diffusion   show
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show expansion diffusion of underlying principles while other details change  
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ethnocentrism   show
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cultural relativism   show
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show the spatial expression of a popular custom in one location being similar to one another  
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language group   show
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centripetal force   show
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centrifugal force   show
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universalizing religion   show
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ethnic religion   show
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show process of a minority group or culture adopting the dominant groups culture and becoming the same  
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acculturation   show
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syncretism   show
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show farming for a profit  
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show farming for your household  
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show form of shifting cultivation, vegetation is cut down and burned off before new seeds are sown  
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terraces   show
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show clearing a wide area of trees  
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desertification   show
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soil salinization   show
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double cropping   show
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intensive agriculture   show
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show small amounts of labor and money is used relative to the land area  
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show innovations in breeding practices and tools lead to a food surplus and allowed the growth of cities to increase, coincides with Industrial Revolution, early 1700s  
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show rapid diffusion of new age techniques especially in high yield seeds and fertilizers after WWll mid 1900s  
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food security   show
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food desert   show
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horticulture   show
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show the area surrounding a city from which milk is supplied  
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monocropping   show
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0rganic agriculture   show
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show a policy of extending a country's power/influence through diplomacy or military force  
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show a multinational country breaking up along ethnic lines  
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devolution   show
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show a policy advocating the restoration to a country of any territory formerly belonging to it  
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show a narrow passage on land or sea that is an important passage route  
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show strategic geographic areas that are positioned between great powers and divided between the two, usually heavily conflicted  
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show the use of economic, political, cultural or other pressures to control/influence other countries especially former dependencies  
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show a country or community's attachment to an area as expressed by its determination to keep/defend it  
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show boundary between two sovereign nations  
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show boundary within a nation  
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geometric boundary   show
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physical boundaries   show
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show boundary no longer functioning but still detectable  
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show boundary imposed on an area by conquering/colonizing power and ignoring previous boundaries/cultures  
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cultural boundaries   show
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show process of redrawing or drawing political districts  
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show manipulation of political boundaries to give advantage to one group over another  
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show a territory that is completely surrounded by another territory  
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ethnic enclave   show
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show a suburban area with a noticeable cluster of an ethnic majority  
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show process where financial institutions draw red colored line and map and refuse to lend money for people to purchase or improve property within lines  
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show process where real estate agents convince white property owners to sell their houses at low prices because of fear for new colored neighbors  
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white flight   show
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show legal separation of races into different geographic areas in south africa (ended in 1991)  
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show 1- a country 2-a large group of people who are united by common cultural characteristics or by shared history  
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nation-state   show
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nationalism   show
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ethnic cleansing   show
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genocide   show
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show ability of a state to govern its territory and foreign affairs free from outside control  
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state   show
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show a country that contains two or more nations with some sovereignty that co-exist peacefully  
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show one nation or people spread across more than one state  
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show a state with multiple ethnicities not divided up by territories  
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show a very small country  
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show the concepts that ethnicities have the right to govern themselves  
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supranational organization   show
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city state   show
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autonomous region   show
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show grated SOME freedom from a larger controlling region  
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show an attempt by one country to establish settlements and to impose its political economic and cultural principles in another territory  
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GDP, GNP, GNI   show
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HDI   show
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show a modified HDI to account for inequality  
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show Gender inequality index, measure the country's gender inequality, health, empowerment, labor market  
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uneven development   show
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show the theory that resources flow from the periphery to the core the benefit MDC at the expense of LDC  
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show small loans given to people in LDCs to start a small business/improve living conditions  
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show an economy relies on the export of primary commodities for more than 60% of earnings  
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ecotourism   show
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UN sustainable development goals   show
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show a collection of things economics-collection of firms/industries that locate near eachother  
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Just-in-time delivery   show
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show contracting work abroad  
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show an area where goods may be imported/stored, handled, manufactured or reconfigured reported under specific custom regulations and often no taxes  
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show marker area for the exchange of services by people from the surrounding area  
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range   show
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threshold   show
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show the area surrounding a central place  
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central place theory   show
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primate city rule   show
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rank size rule   show
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gravity model   show
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metropolitan statistical area   show
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show area with at least 50,000 people  
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urban cluster   show
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show central business district, area of a city where retail and office activities cluster  
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show residential area where occupants have no legal claim to land (not legal buildings), slums  
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show unrestricted growth in urban areas over large expanses fo land with little concern for urban planning  
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zoning   show
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mixed land use   show
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show part of the smart growth movement, based on principles like -walkable communities, housing and shopping close, public spaces  
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sustainable design/ smart growth policies   show
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greenbelts   show
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slow growth cities   show
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show process of poor urban areas changing by wealthy middle class people moving in and improving the area (often driving out the poor)  
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show the small communities lying beyond the suburbs of a city  
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boomburg   show
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show land previously used for commercial/industrial use and is contaminated  
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show limit imports, isolation, equal investment/ income but bad for international relationships  
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international trade path   show
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Rostows 5 stages of development   show
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show uniform, everyone shares at least one common characteristic that can be proven  
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functional region   show
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show perceptual, based off of perception with no definite borders and characteristics or views can vary  
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show the physical characteristics of a place  
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show characteristics of how a place relates to something else  
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Demographic Transition model   show
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show crude birth rate, how many babies are born in a year  
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CDR   show
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NIR   show
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TFR   show
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IMR   show
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show how long someone is expected to live in a given country  
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arithmetic density   show
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physiological density   show
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show farmers divided by arable land  
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reference maps   show
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thematic maps   show
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1st Agricultural Revolution   show
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livestock ranching   show
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mediterranean agriculture   show
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show commercial agriculture in developed countries located anywhere with fruits, small vegetables, mushrooms and other small crops is very environmentally friendly  
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show commercial agriculture found in both developed and developing countries like in europe and the US midwest making things like dairy, meat, grains  
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dairy agriculture   show
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show commercial agriculture in developed countries on plains with a dry climate and mild temperature making rye, corn, barley oats what ect but too much mono cropping  
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shifting cultivation agriculture   show
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show subsistence agriculture in developing countries found in meadows and valleys with arid climates too dry for crops with seasonal movements with animals  
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show commercial agriculture in developing countries planting lots and lots of cash crops in the tropics or subtropics with cheap labor  
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intensive subsistence wet rice dominant   show
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show subsistence agriculture in developing countries making cash crops in asia dry summers and harsh winters with man and animal power and crop rotations  
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autocracy   show
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show a government led by the citizens and their representatives with elections and legislatures and human rights  
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show a government with a power struggle between autocracy and democracy with instability in a transition phase with conflict  
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show government organization where power is in the hands of a central government  
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confederation   show
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show government organization that allocates strong power to units of local government AND a central government  
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show economic political system where everything is publicly owned according to your needs, usually very high control and limited rights  
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capitalism   show
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show 12 miles from shore, all countries laws apply and no foreign passage allowed  
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contiguous zone   show
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show 200 miles from shore, all resources below to the country  
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international waters   show
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show urban model created by Burgess showing cities growing in rings out from the CBD  
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Sector model   show
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multi nuclei model   show
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show urban model created by Harris showing inner city surrounded by large suburban residential areas and nodes tied together by a beltway/ring road  
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show selling to consumers OUTSIDE settlement for economic base  
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nonbasic businesses   show
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show fundamental facilities that serve as the foundations for settlements/services  
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show 1-5 buildings, no services  
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show less than 100 people (very few services)  
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village   show
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show 1000-20,000 people (more services)  
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city   show
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show city AND suburbs, more than 1,000,000 people  
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show group of cities and suburbs 1,000,000-3,000,000 people  
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megalopolis   show
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megacity   show
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show cities with a dominant role in global stuff  
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metacity   show
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core country   show
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show less developed country  
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semi periphery   show
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show a language that children are no longer learning and its remaining speakers use it less frequently  
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isolated language   show
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athiest   show
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agnostic   show
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fundamentalism   show
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terroir   show
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development   show
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GNI   show
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PPP   show
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GDP   show
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show per person  
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show activities directly extracting materials from earth through agriculture  
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show manufacturers that process, transform, assemble raw materials into useful products/ industries that fabricate manufactured goods into finished consumer goods  
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tertiary sector   show
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productivity   show
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pupil/teacher ratio   show
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literacy rate   show
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show creation of products that is larger at the end of the manufacturing process  
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bulk-reducing industry   show
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Weber's least cost theory   show
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break of bulk points   show
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show a situation where two businesses/economics complement/depend on each other  
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comparative advantage   show
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show economic sector with intellectuals such as research and science  
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quinary sector   show
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show things worth more than their raw materials  
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GIScience   show
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GIS   show
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show the science of taking measurements of earths surface from photographs  
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show the acquisition of data about earths surface from a satellite orbiting earth or from other long distance methods  
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show global positioning system, a system that determines the precise position of something on earth  
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geotagging   show
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VGI   show
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citizen science   show
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show participatory geographic information science, community-based mapping  
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show a map that overlays data from one source on top of a map provided by a mapping service  
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API   show
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mental map   show
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show the level of detail and the amount of area covered on a map, the relationship of a features size on a map to its actual size on earth  
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show the scientific method of transferring locations on earths surface to a flat map  
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show map projection, size is good, shape is good except for a few ellipse  
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Mercator projection   show
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show map projection, land masses too big in comparison to ocean, size and shape is good orange peel  
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Gall-Peters projection   show
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meridian/ longitude   show
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show circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator at right angle to meridians  
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prime meridian   show
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show map type, connects with lines all the places that have particular values  
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show map type, depicts data as points and shows how those points are clustered together or spread out over and area  
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choropleth map   show
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graduated symbol map   show
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cartogram   show
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location   show
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absolute location   show
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show a system of signs, sounds, gestures and marks that have meanings understood within a cultural group  
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show identity with a group of people who share the cultural traditions of a particular homeland or hearth  
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religion   show
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spatial association   show
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show a force or process that involves the entire world and results in making something worldwide in scope  
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show a company that conducts research, operates factories or sells products in MANY countries, not just where its headquarters and principal shareholders are located  
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postructuralist geography   show
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show geography emphasizing the different ways that individuals form ideas about place and give those places symbolic meanings  
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behavioral geography   show
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show the increasing gap in economic conditions between regions in the core and periphery that results from the globalization of the economy  
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show New York, London, Tokyo  
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show a place from which something originates  
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show contagious diffusion specifically through social media or the internet  
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distance decay   show
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space-time compression   show
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show chain of communication that connects places  
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show theory that the physical environment causes social development  
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show the physical environment may limit some human actions but people have the ability to adjust to their environment  
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polder   show
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UTC   show
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show an arc that for the most part follows 180* longitude, when crossed you either go forward or back 24 hours  
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cultural ecology   show
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show a representation of a portion of earths surface based on what an individual knows about a place that contains personal impressions of what is in the place and where the place is located  
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demographic transition stage 1   show
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show high CBR, rapid declining CDR, very high NIR  
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show rapid declining CBR, declining CDR, moderate NIR  
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show low CBR, low CDR, 0 or negative NIR  
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show medical technology invented in europe  
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show conjunction of major improvements in manufacturing goods  
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MMR   show
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sex ratio   show
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potential support ratio/ elderly support ratio   show
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show a bar graph that displays the percentage of a places population for each age and gender  
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dependency ratio   show
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show focusing on distinctive health threats in each stage of the demographic transition  
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show stage of demographic transition characterized by pestilence and famine  
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epidemiologic transition stage 2   show
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epidemiologic transition stage 3   show
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epidemiologic transition stage 4   show
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show theoretical, very low CBR, increasing CDR, declining NIR  
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show stage of demographic transition characterized by evolution of diseases and poverty and increased connections  
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show british economist, one of the first to argue that the worlds rate of population increase was far outrunning the development of food supplies  
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neo-malthusians   show
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show the number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of increase  
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migration   show
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circulation   show
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show distance, reason why, migrants characteristics  
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show the change in the migration pattern in a society that results from the social and economic changes that also produce the demographic transition  
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migration transition stage 1   show
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migration transition stage 2   show
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migration transition stage 3   show
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show movement from one region of a country to another  
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show movement within one region  
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emigration   show
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immigration   show
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net migration   show
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counterurbanization   show
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remittance   show
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unauthorized immigrants   show
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show emigration by talented people  
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show the temporary movement of a migrant worker  
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show in reference to migration a law that places maximum limits on the number of people who can immigrate to the country each year  
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taboo   show
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show spread of popular culture across larger spaces results in loss of localized folk culture diversity and convergence of cultural preferences  
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show an agreement between a corporation and businesspeople to market that corporations products in a local area  
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institutional language   show
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developing language   show
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show language in daily use by people of all ages but lacks literary tradition  
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threatened language   show
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dying language   show
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show language written as well as spoken  
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logograms   show
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official language   show
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working language   show
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standard language   show
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show the ability of people speaking in two ways to readily understand each other without prior familiarity or special effort, usually between dialects  
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show language that was once used by people in daily activities but is no longer in use  
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four largest religions   show
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show a local assembly of persons brought together for common religious worship  
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show religious term uniting a number of local congregations in a single legal and administrative body  
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show a large and fundamental division within a religion  
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show worshipping multiple gods  
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monotheism   show
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show christianity, islam, judaism  
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pagodas   show
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show islamic religious figure  
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pilgrimage   show
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show buddhist religious figure  
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mosques   show
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show christian place for worship  
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gurdwara   show
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synogogues   show
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utopian settlement   show
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autonomous religon   show
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show set of religious beliefs concerning the origin of the universe  
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show chinese buddhist religious figure  
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show during the middle ages a neighboorhood in a city set up by law to be inhabited only by jews, now used to denote a section of a city in which members of any minority group live because of social legal or economic discrimination  
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show identity with a group of people who are perceived to share a physiological trait  
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triangular slave trade   show
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sharecropping   show
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show ethnic group in western asia in Turkey, Iran, Syria and Iraq  
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show micro state comprising a city and its surrounding countryside  
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colony   show
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show a nuclear, biological, chemical or other weapon that can kill and bring significant harm to a large number or humans or cause great damage to human made structures, natural structures or the biosphere  
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EU   show
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show Council for mutual economic assistance, designed to promote trade and sharing of natural resources in communist eastern europe  
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eurozone   show
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show north atlantic treaty organization, a military alliance among democratic states in europe plus US and canada  
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the warsaw pact   show
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show the threatened or actual use of illegal force and violence by a nonstate actor to attain a political economic religious or social goal through fear coercion or intimidation  
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perforated state   show
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compact state   show
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elongated states   show
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show state with several discontinuous pieces of territory  
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prorupted state   show
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show state with no direct outlet to a sea because it is completely surrounded by other countries  
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show form of gerrymandering where like-minded voters are spread thin to prevent them from reaching a majority  
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packing   show
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dietary energy consumption   show
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show grass that yields grain for food  
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cash crop   show
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show the practice of rotating use of different fields from copr to crop each year to avoid exhausting the soil  
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wet rice   show
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sawah/paddy   show
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fallow   show
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frequent relocation agriculture   show
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transhumance   show
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overfishing   show
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show the cultivation of seafood under controlled conditions  
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show systems of commercial farming including food processing, packaging, storage, distribution, retailing  
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show market gardens, milk producers  
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second ring von Thunen model   show
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show crops, pasture  
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show animal grazing  
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show model for proximity to market choice without consideration for topographic factors  
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show genetically modified organism, posseses a novel combination of genetic material obtained through the use of modern biotechnology  
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show farming that depends on the use of naturally occurring substances which prohibiting synthetic substances  
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show method of soil cultivation reducing soil erosion and runoff  
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no tillage   show
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ridge tillage   show
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show in an increasingly unified world economy, developed countries form an inner core area whereas developing countries occupy peripheral locations  
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show the percentage of women holding full time jobs outside the home  
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adolescent fertility rate   show
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the four dragons   show
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FDI   show
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stimulus strategy   show
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show government should sharply reduce taxes, spending cut  
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structural adjustment program   show
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show international trade that provides greater equity to workers and small businesses in developing countries  
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cottage industry system   show
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show the funds to establish new factories or modernize existing ones  
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demand   show
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supply   show
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