Psych AP Unit 1 - History
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| Structuralist Perspective | breaking down mental processes into most basic components
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| William Wundt | Father of Psychology; structuralist perspective
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| Introspection | self-examination of one's own emotional state and mental process
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| Functionalist Perspective | focused on purpose of consciousness and behavior instead of on elements
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| William James | made first psychology textbook; functionalist perspective
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| Theory of Emotion | emotion is the mind's perception of psychological conditions; ex: smile = feel happy
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| Evolutionary Perspective | explains human thoughts and action in terms of natural selection
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| Nature vs. Nutrure | 50% of who we are is how we are born, other 50% is our environment
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| Sir Francis Galton | first to study intelligence in family; evolutionary perspective
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| Gestalt Psychology | our tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes
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| Psychoanalytic Perspective | the unconscious motivates our conscious behavior
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| Sigmund Freud | believed repressed sexual urges drove most human development; psychoanalytic perspective
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| Intelligence Testing | "mental age" to see where child should be; predicting achievement
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| Alfred Binet | made first intelligence test
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| Behavioral Perspective | focuses on observable behavior and developing traits through classical and operant conditioning
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| john Watson | observable behavior; father of behaviorism; Baby Albert study
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| Observable Behavior | every action = reaction to stimulus
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| Ivan Pavolv | classic conditioning with dogs
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| Classical Conditioning | unconscious learning
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| B.F. Skinner | operant conditioning; invented "skinner" boxes to study
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| Operant Conditioning | all learning is observable; learning is result of reinforcements and punishments
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| Humanistic Perspective | theory that all people want to achieve most potential in life and human nature is good; unconditional positive regard
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| Carl Rogers | work in therapy-client-centered/reflective; humanistic perspective
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| Cognitive Perspective | examines human thoughts and behavior in terms of how we interpret, process and remember events
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| Jean Piaget | young children's cognitive; contributed to school system; cognitive perspective
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| Albert Ellis | rational emotive behavioral therapy; cognitive perspective
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| Noam Chomsky | theory of generative grammar and universal grammar; cognitive perspective
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| Biological/Neurological Perspective | biological and genetic process in people with specific focus on activities in brain
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| Socio-Cultural Perspective | how those around a person and norms of culture impact behavior
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| Psychologist | person trained in research, practice, or teaching of branches of psychology
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| Psychiatrist | MD specialized in diagnosis, treatment, prevention and study of mental/emotional disorders; can prescribe medication
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