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psych chapter 2

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Term
Definition
genotype   an organisms genetic makeup  
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phenotype   an organisms physical/ observable characteristics  
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endocrine system   hormonal system and glands secrete chemical changes into your blood  
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motor neurons   carry messages from your CNS to your muscles and glands  
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sensory neurons   carries messages from sense receptors towards CNS (spinal cord and brain)  
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dopamine   is a neurotransmitter  
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plasticity   ability of the nervous system to adapt or change  
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sympathetic division   part of the PNS responsible for the arousing of your body in times of stress or danger (fight or flight)  
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somatic nervous system   voluntary system deals with voluntary movements  
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how are PNS and CNS separate?   CNS (brain and spinal cord) PNS (all the other nerves)  
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what is PNS and acronym for?   Peripheral Nervous System  
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Autonomic Nervous System   part of the PNS and deals with involuntary movements (fight or flight)  
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dendrites   receive messages from other neurons  
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myelin sheath   coats and protects the axon and speeds up the neural impulse  
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synapse   the gap between two neurons  
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prefrontal cortex   where the executive functions take place, personality functions  
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parietal lobe   main job is bodily sensation/ touch  
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temporal lobe   processes audition/ sound  
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limbic system   deals with emotions  
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reticular formation   screens out background noise/ controls alertness  
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hippocampus   part of the limbic system involved in establishing long term memories  
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thalamus   relays sensory information (not smell), known as the great relay station of the brain  
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what is the structure that screens out background noise?   reticular formation  
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pituitary gland   regulates glands all over the body, known as the master gland, tells other glands what to do  
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emigula   mediates fear and aggression  
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