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ANSC 221 Final Exam

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Question
Answer
Who had the idea for the single plant feeding experiment which stimulated the Golden Age of Nutrition?   show
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show Antoine Lavoisier  
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List the 6 classes of nutrients   show
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show High dielectric constant  
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What property of water is operating when an animal is cooled by sweating?   show
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What are 3 general (different) sources of water for animals?   show
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Which nutrient class contains the most energy per gram?   show
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Which nutrient class comprises most of livestock diets (excluding water)?   show
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show Fats contain less oxygen therefore they it contains more carbon and hydrogen. This is why fats are a higher energy source than carbohydrates.  
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Carbohydrates are composed of what kinds of MOLECULES?   show
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What is the function of carbohydrate IN THE DIET? To supply ____________   show
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show Energy, supply essential fatty acids (most important), others  
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Proteins are composed of what kinds of MOLECULES?   show
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show First to supply amino acids to the body so the cells can produce protein, and if in excess to supply energy.  
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Distinguish between true protein (protein that is really protein) and Crude Protein?   show
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Which of the following is a pentose?   show
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show Antibiotic residues remaining in animal tissues, and microbial resistance to antibiotics.  
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show nitrogen  
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What is milk sugar?   show
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What form of starch in plants has a straight-chain structure?   show
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show sucrose  
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What is a form of polysaccharide stored in animals?   show
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What monosaccharide is starch is composed of?   show
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show cellulose  
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show lignin  
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What monosaccharide is cellulose composed of?   show
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What is the difference between starch and cellulose? Discuss the structure, not only digestibility.   show
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What vitamin has forms that are pyridoxine, pyridoxal and pyridoxamine?   show
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show Biotin  
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What vitamin has phyloquinone as the natural form and menadione is a synthetic form?   show
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show Vitamin B12  
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What vitamin is not required in the diet of any of our farm animals?   show
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What vitamin deficiency causes pernicious anemia?   show
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What vitamin that prevents perosis in birds and increases litter size in pigs?   show
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What vitamin is 1, 25 dihydroxy-cholecalciferol is the active form:   show
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What vitamin interacts with Selenium to act as biological antioxidant?   show
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What vitamin necessary for the blood to clot?   show
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What vitamin is part of acetyl-Coenzyme A and a deficiency symptom is goose stepping in pigs?   show
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What vitamin is destroyed by thiaminase?   show
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What vitamin prevents rickets?   show
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What vitamin is L-ascorbic acid?   show
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show Vitamin A  
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show Vitamin A  
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show Vitamin A  
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show Vitamin E  
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show Riboflavin  
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What vitamin is formed by sunlight on the skin?   show
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show Choline  
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show Folic Acid  
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What vitamin is retinol the active form?   show
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show Vitamin E  
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What mineral is sometimes fed at levels up to 250 ppm to achieve an antibiotic-like growth response in pigs?   show
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What mineral is supplemented to young pigs on cement to prevent anemia?   show
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What mineral is present in Vitamin B12?   show
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What mineral helps carry oxygen to the tissues as part of hemoglobin?   show
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What mineral is part of the hormone thyroxine, which controls basal metabolic rate?   show
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show Calcium  
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What mineral is toxic in raw rock phosphate?   show
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What mineral is required, but very toxic to sheep, so only use mineral supplements for sheep low in this mineral?   show
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What mineral prevents parakeratosis?   show
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What mineral prevents grass tetany?   show
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What cation do we get from salt?   show
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show Calcium  
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show Maganese  
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What mineral prevents nutritional muscular dystrophy (stiff lamb disease, white muscle disease) and liver degeneration (sudden death in pigs)?   show
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What mineral is the the greatest pollution problem in livestock waste if it gets into streams?   show
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sucrose = glucose + ________?   show
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lactose = glucose + ________?   show
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maltose = glucose + ________?   show
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List the 10 essential amino acids (spelled correctly)   show
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Which essential amino acid contains sulfur?   show
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What are the first two limiting amino acids in corn for pigs, in order of most limiting to least?   show
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show Acetic Propionic Butyric  
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show 1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids  
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show Palmitic acid Stearic acid  
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show Linolenic Linoleic Aracadonic  
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show B6, B12, Folic Acid, Fe, Cu, Co. Vitamin C only for humans, not farm animals. Protein if severely deficient enough.  
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show The nitrogen is excreted and the rest of the molecule is used for energy  
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Why would you feed a low calcium diet to help prevent milk fever?   show
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show Corn-fed cows did well, wheat-fed cows did poorly/failed to repro. 1) first semi-purified diet used with farm animals of economic importance 2) it led to the opening of the Golden Age of Nutrition with the discovery of the vitamins and minerals.  
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What is the organ called in chickens that corresponds to the stomach of the pig?   show
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Where in the horse and rabbit does fermentation of cellulose to VFA's occur?   show
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Where in the chicken does particle size reduction take place, replacing the action of teeth?   show
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show Pancreas  
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show Liver  
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What is a spot in the esophagus of the bird for food storage called?   show
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show Reticulum  
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show Omasum  
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show Abomasum  
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show Rumen  
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T or F: Food doesn't move through the pancreas; enzymes from there are secreted into the small intestine.   show
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T or F: Food doesn't move through the pancreas; enzymes from there are secreted into the stomach.   show
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show amylose  
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show Carboxypeptidase and chymotrypsin are secreted from the pancreas to digest protein  
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show To emulsify fat  
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show Absorb Vitamin B12  
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What enzymes help control digestive process?   show
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show True  
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Gas is released from the rumen by a process called what?   show
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What factor has the most influence on the Biological value of a feed?   show
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show False  
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show False  
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show UIP  
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What is a bomb calorimeter used to do?   show
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What is TDN most like?   show
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show rapidly estimating the components in feed  
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What are the grains fed to animals talked about in lectures?   show
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show It contains xanthophyls that add color to egg yolks and flesh making it appealing.  
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show Corn with more lysine  
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show Heat increment (the increased heat production following consumption of food by an animal) of fat is lower  
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Which grain has a standard weight of 60 pounds/bushel?   show
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Which feed is a very small, often white round seed that is common in bird-seed mixes?   show
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show Soybean  
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show Rye  
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Which feed takes abundant amounts of water to grow, has a long growing season, and is mostly fed to people, not animals?   show
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Which feed is lower in energy, has a very loose hull and is often fed to horses and young animals to get them started on feed?   show
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Which feed is most commonly used as the starting point for making beer, the byproduct of which makes good dairy cattle feed?   show
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Which feed often contains gossypol?   show
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Which grain often contains tannin which must be processed to remove, or counteracted?   show
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show Oats  
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What organism produces a toxin that has very strong feed refusal effects on pigs?   show
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show Aspergillus flavus  
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What is the name of a mycotoxin that has very strong feed refusal effects on pigs?   show
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show Fusarium roseum (Gibberella zeae or GIB)  
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What is the name of a mycotoxin that kills horses especially?   show
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What is the name of a mycotoxin that has estrogenic activity?   show
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show Aflotoxin  
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show Fusarium moniliforme  
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What are considered protein supplement feeds?   show
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show To provide energy  
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Which best describes TDN?   show
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Which of the following best describes the difference in carbohydrate digestion in a pig versus a cow?   show
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show They have different heat increments.  
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show corn + soybean meal + vitamins + minerals  
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Is the practice of grouping sows into units of 15 or less and feeding the group 60 lbs per day (4 lbs/sow) acceptable for limiting energy intake in sows?   show
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Is the practice of using electric feeding stations that will only feed each sow a certain amount acceptable limiting energy intake in sows?   show
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is the practice of penning sows together but feeding in feeding crates at feeding time and releasing after feeding acceptable for limiting energy intake in sows?   show
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show no  
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Is the practice of feeding sows in individual stall acceptable for limiting energy intake in sows?   show
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T or F: Rations should be formulated on a crude protein basis for cattle, but on a lysine basis for swine and poultry.   show
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T or F: Pantothenic acid is an essential fatty acid   show
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show stearic acid  
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T or F: The most palatable feeds available will be used for the high producing dairy cow in order to achieve high feed intake along with high milk production.   show
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T or F: Chickens need more methionine in their diets than pigs   show
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T or F: Triglycerides are composed of 3 glycerol and 1 fatty acid chain   show
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show Calcium Phosphorus  
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Which amino acid is required and contains sulfur?   show
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show Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose  
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show True  
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show A monosaccharide is any sugar that cannot be broken down into a simpler sugar Glucose, fructose, ribose, and galactose  
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What is a disaccharide and what is an example?   show
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show Any class of sugars that contain 2 or more monosaccharides Glycogen, cellulose, and starch  
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List the fat - soluble vitamins   show
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What are the fat soluble vitamins typically used for in the body?   show
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show True  
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Anemia in baby pigs most likely caused by a deficiency in what?   show
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What is the difference between starch and cellulose?   show
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show Milk Fever  
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show Anemia  
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Magnesium deficiency results in   show
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Iodine deficiency results in   show
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show Parakeratosis  
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show VFAs  
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Who is Antoine Lavoisier and what is he known for?   show
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Who is Dr. William Beaumont and what is he known for?   show
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Who is Dr. Stephan Babcock and what is he known for?   show
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show Developed the theory that citrus fruits cured scurvy  
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show Got shot in the stomach and it never healed allowing Dr. William Beaumont to study the digestive system  
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show Named vitamin after "vital amine"  
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What are carbohydrates composed of?   show
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show Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen  
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T or F: Carbohydrates contain less oxygen than fats.   show
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show Polysaccharide Glucose connected with alpha bonda  
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Cellulose   show
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show Disaccharide Glucose + fructose Table sugar  
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show Disaccharide Glucose + galactose Milk sugar  
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Lignin   show
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show Lipids  
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What are triglycerides made up of?   show
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What is the structure of saturated fatty acid?   show
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What is the structure of unsaturated fatty acids?   show
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show Fats  
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List the essential fatty acids   show
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show Palmitic acid Stearic acid (main storage fatty acid in beef fat) Oleic acid  
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show Acetic acid Propionic acid Butyric acid  
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show Degradable intake protein  
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show Undegradable intake protein  
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show DIP - Broken down and rearranged by the bacteria within the rumen UIP - Amino acid composition is more important than UIP - Left alone by the bacteria - Due to the fact that its left alone by the bacteria, the animal will than absorb the A.As  
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What is important to know about Phenylalanine?   show
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show It is sulfur containing, both in the D and L form  
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show Associated with maple syrup urine disease  
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show Precursor of urea  
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What is important to know about Tryptophan?   show
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What is important to know about Lysine?   show
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show Ascorbic acid  
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show Also called 1-25 dihydroxycholecalciferol Formed from sunlight on the skin and supplemented to prevent rickets  
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show Supplemented to prevent failure of the blood to clot, corresponds to menadione and phylloquinone  
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What is important to about about Vitamin B12?   show
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What is important to about about Vitamin A?   show
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What is important to about about Vitamin E?   show
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show Vitamin C and B complex vitamins Function: involved in intermediary metabolism  
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show Supplemented to prevent grass tetany  
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show Added to 1000-2000 ppm in young pigs to maintain health  
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What is important to about about Iron?   show
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show Deficient in the blood when an animal has milk fever and supplemented to prevent rickets  
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What is important to about about Selenium?   show
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What is important to about about Choline?   show
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What mycotoxin is responsible for feed refusal in pigs?   show
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show Zearalenone Made from organism Giberella Zea (Fusarium Roseum)  
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What mycotoxin is a carcinogenic?   show
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What mycotoxin kills horses?   show
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What toxin is in rye?   show
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What toxin is in alfalfa?   show
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show Tannin  
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What toxin is in tall fescue?   show
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What toxin is in soybean meal?   show
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What toxin is in cottonseed meal?   show
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What toxin is in sweet clover?   show
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What do you feed lactating dairy cow?   show
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show Feed corn, SBM, vitamins, and minerals  
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What do you feed beef cows following weaning?   show
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show Feed corn, SBM, vitamins, and minerals  
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show 80% corn/corn silage with 20% hay  
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What do you feed beef cows at breeding time?   show
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T or F: The most palatable feeds available will be used for the high producing dairy cow in order to achieve high feed intake along with high milk production.   show
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show False  
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show True  
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T or F: Without microbes in the rumen, ruminants could not digest hay and other feeds containing cellulose any better than we can.   show
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T or F: Corn and other grains are fed primarily for the protein content.   show
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show True  
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show True  
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show True  
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A big difference between ruminants and nonruminants is that ruminants rely on _______ much more for their source of energy.   show
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show Multiplying the % nitrogen by 6.25  
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show Double bonds between carbons and less hydrogens than it could have  
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show It is broken down and used for energy  
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What could result from limiting water to livestock?   show
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Which energy value best represents what an animal can actually use for productive purposes?   show
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Which vitamin is not needed in the diet of any farm animals, but is needed in the diet of humans to prevent scurvy?   show
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What substance emulsifies fats?   show
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What enzyme digests carbohydrates?   show
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What substance digests fats from triglycerides to free fatty acids?   show
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show VFAs  
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show Methionine  
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What is the reason that the B Vitamins are not added routinely to beef cattle diets?   show
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show Milk fever  
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The symptoms of a zinc deficiency include...?   show
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show Goiter  
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show Sucrose  
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show Glucose  
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What is table sugar?   show
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show Maintaining body temperature and in many of the chemical reactions in the body  
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Which of the following is not an essential fatty acid? -Linoleic acid - Arachidonic acid - Pantothenic acid - Linolenic acid   show
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Which nutrient would you supplement to prevent anemia in new born pigs?   show
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What nutrient is deficient in the blood in milk fever?   show
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show Vitamin K  
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What vitamin would you supplement to prevent rickets?   show
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show Vitamin B12  
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What nutrient would you supply to prevent grass tetany?   show
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What mineral is added at 1000-2000 ppm at weaning in some young pig diets to maintain health?   show
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show Choline  
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show All the B vitamin complex  
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show Zinc  
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show Dairy cow producing 80 lbs. of milk per day  
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T or F: A disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose   show
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Which of the following is not one of the 10 essential amino acids for the rat and pig? - Threonine - Arginine - Thiamine - Tryptophan - Phenylalanine   show
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What is one major difference between rations for poultry versus rations for pigs? (in terms of amino acids)   show
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show Vitamin D  
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Which nutrient corresponds to retinol?   show
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show Vitamin K  
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show Vitamin A  
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show Vitamin C  
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show Vitamin B12  
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Which nutrient corresponds to D -alpha-tocopherol?   show
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show Vitamin A  
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show Vitamin D  
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show Vitamin E  
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show Fumonison  
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Which mycotoxin is carcinogenic and deadly?   show
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Which mycotoxin is estrogenic, causing reproductive difficulties?   show
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Carbohydrates are made of _____ ______.   show
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show False  
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show False  
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show Nitrogen  
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Triglycerides are composed of?   show
🗑
show Amino acids  
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The fat soluble vitamins are:   show
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show False  
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show Calcium and phosphorus  
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For which animal is it legal to use BST and for what purpose?   show
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show Bovine somatotropin = BST - also known as bovine growth hormone, is an animal drug approved by FDA to increase milk production in dairy cows  
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The abbreviations DIP and UIP refer to what?   show
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show Energy  
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Bermuda grass is...?   show
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show Carbonaceous concentrate (grains)  
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show Crop residue feed  
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show Crop residue feed  
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show Byproduct feed form fermentation for beer or alcohol production  
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show Grass forage  
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show Byproduct feed from grain milling (processing)  
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show Byproduct feed from grain milling (processing)  
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show Grass forage  
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show legume forage  
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Distiller's grains is....?   show
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Corn gluten meal is.....?   show
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show Byproduct feed from fermentation for beer of alcohol production  
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show Proteinaceous concentrate (protein feeds)  
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show Proteinaceous concentrate (protein feeds)  
🗑
show Byproduct feed from grain milling (processing)  
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show True  
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show False  
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show True  
🗑
show Energy  
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Lignin: - Is completely indigestible - Is associated with the carbohydrate fraction of the feed - Increases in a plant as the plant matures - Decreases the feeding value - All of the above   show
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show Because ruminants have bacteria in the rumen which can utilize the contents of low quality proteins to produce the amino acids that they need  
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T or F; In order to get the maximum productivity from ruminants, including the optimal fermentation in the rumen, it is important to balance rations to provide for the needs of the bacteria.   show
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show TDN  
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T or F: NDF ( Neutral Detergent Fiber) is a newer method that has improved on crude fiber determination.   show
🗑
show Amylase  
🗑
show Lipase  
🗑
show Fats  
🗑
show False  
🗑
T or F: B complex vitamins are (generally) involved in regulating metabolism in the body   show
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show Sodium and chloride  
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What is lysine?   show
🗑
What mineral interacts with Vitamin E, which is necessary to ass in our area to keep young pigs alive?   show
🗑
Soybean meal   show
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show Gossypol  
🗑
Tall fescue   show
🗑
show Mold converts coumerol in the plant to dicoumarol, resulting in bleeding  
🗑
Alfalfa   show
🗑
show Sheep with twins or triplets at lambing time  
🗑
Define Ketosis   show
🗑
show Feeding young animals separately from adult animals  
🗑
show Cats  
🗑
Which is true of cats? - They require high protein diets - They require preformed Vitamin A not carotene - They have a strict requirement for arginine - They have a need for taurine in their diet - All of the above   show
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show Sufficient forage in the diet  
🗑
Which has a higher need in the diet for protein, for mature animals? - Dogs - Pigs - Cats - Horses   show
🗑
show A monosaccharide  
🗑
Proteins are essential in the diet to supply:   show
🗑
show False  
🗑
show False  
🗑
T or F: Cats are true carnivores and should be fed differently than dogs.   show
🗑
T or F: Rations should be formulated ona crude protein basis for a cattle, but on a lysine basis for swine and poultry.   show
🗑


   

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