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Medical Terminology Chapter 2

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Term
Definition
frontal plane   vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions  
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ventral   refers to the front, or belly side, of the organ or body  
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lateral   the direction toward, or nearer, the side of the body, away from the midline  
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umbilical region   area surrounding the belly button  
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parietal peritoneum   outer layer of the peritoneum that lines the interior of the abdominal wall  
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cells   basic structural and functional units of the body  
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cytology   study of the anatomy, physiology, pathology, and chemistry of the cell  
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dominant gene   when inherited from either parent, the offspring will inherit that genetic condition or characteristic  
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down syndrome   a genetic variation that is associated with a characteristic facial appearance, learning disabilities, developmental delays, and physical abnormalities such as heart valve disease  
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huntington's disease   a genetic disorder that is passed from parent to child; condition causes nerve degeneration with symptoms that most often appear in midlife; damage eventually results in uncontrolled movements and loss of some mental abilities  
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histologist   non physician specialist who studies the microscopic structure of tissues  
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endothelium   specialized epithelial tissue that lines the blood and lymph vessels, body cavities, glands, and organs  
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adenosclerosis   abnormal hardening of a agland  
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organ   somewhat independent part of the body that performs a specific function  
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communicable disease   any condition that is transmitted from one person to another either directly or by indirect contact with contaminated objects  
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epidemiologist   specialist in the study of outbreaks of disease within a population group  
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developmental disorder   also known as birth defect, can result in an anomaly or malformation  
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Atresia   congenital absence of a normal body opening or the failure of a structure to be tubular  
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hospitalist   physician focusing on the general medical care of hospitalized patients  
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Adult stem cells   undifferentiated cells found among differentiated cells in a tissue or organ  
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