ARRT registry review covering for patient care content area
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| What is an iatrogenic infection? | It's a type of infection caused by a physician or or medical treatment.
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| What are the differences between Salem Sump and Levin tube? | Salem Sump: double lumen (one for gastric air compression and the other for removal of fluid)
Levin tube: single lumen (use during and after intestinal surgery to prevent liquid and gas accumulation)
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| Specific functions of Swan- Ganz and where it is located | to measure pumping, obtain pressure readings, and introduce medications; located in right side of heart
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| What Central Venous Lines permit long term IV treatment? | Port a Cath and PICC
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| Define miscibility | ability of the contrast to mix w/ body fluids
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| Define osmolarity and osmolality | osmolarity: # of particles per litter solvent
osmolality: # of dissolved particles in solution per kg of water
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| What is ethylene oxide use for? | sterilization of articles unable to tolerate moisture and high temperatures
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| Define misfeasance | not perform a duty correctly (improperly perform something)
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| Difference between tracheotomy and tracheostomy | tracheotomy (action) surgical opening into the trachea; tracheostomy (subject) opening into the airway with a tube in place
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| BUN level | 8-25 mg/dl
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| Creatinine level | 0.7-1.3 mg/dl
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| Glomerular filtration rate | > 60ml/mm
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| What are the effects of andrenergics (vasoconstrictors) and their side effects? | effects: stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, vasoconstriction, and cardiac stimulation
side effect: dry mouth
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| Examples of vasoconstrictors | epinephrine, ephedrine, isoproterenol, metaraminol bitartrate
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| What are anticoagulants? | inhibit the clotting mechanism of the blood, keep IV lines and arterial catheters open during diagnostic procedures, prevent blood clots following heart attach or stroke
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| What are the side effects of anticoagulants? | bruising, spontaneous bleeding
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| Examples of anticoagulants | heparin, warfarin (Coumadin)
clopidogrel bisulfate (Plavix)
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| Effect of antihistamines | Relieve the symptoms of allergic reactions
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| Examples of antihistamines and some common side effects | Diphenhydramine (Benadryl), chlorpheniramine (chlor-trimeton)
side effect: drowsiness
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| What are the effects of cathartics? | stimulate peristalsis, promote defecation
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| Mention examples of cathartics and their common side effects | Bisacodyl (Dulcolax), Castor oil, and magnesium citrate
CSE: Dehydration, blurred vision, abdominal cramping
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| Effects of diuretics and common side effects | Effects: stimulate the flow of urine
CSE: abdominal crapping, potassium depletion, diarrhea, cramps, fatigue, metallic taste
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| Examples of diuretics | chlorothiazide (diuril), furosemide (lasix), acetazolamide (diamox)
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| Effects of vasodilators | relax the walls of blood vessels, permitting greater flow of blood
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| Common side effects of vasodilators | dizziness, headache, flushing, tachycardia, hypotension, anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea, palpitations
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| Examples of vasodilators | isosorbide dinitrate (sorbitrate)
nitroglycerin
hydralazine (apresoline)
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| In which order should exams be schedule? | IVP, BE, Upper GI, Small Bowel
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| What are some symptoms of inadequate oxygen supply? | dyspnea, cyanosis, diaphoresis, and distention of the veins of the neck
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| Specific terms used for abnormal respiration | uneven, spasmodic, strident, stertorous tachypnic, orthopnic, and oligopnic
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| Describe category 1 patients w/ metformin | taking metformin, no evidence of AKI and of GFR 30 mL/mm or more, taking metformin as normal, not required renal function reassessment
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| Category 2 patients w/ metformin | with AKI or severe chronic disease indicated by GFR, temporarily discontinue metformin, metformin after renal studies have been reevaluated and acceptable
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| What are the common pulse points? | radial, carotid, temporal, femoral, popliteal
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| Types of Latex reactions | irritant contact dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis (delayed hypersensitivity), latex allergy (immediate hypersensitivity)
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| Difference between respiratory arrest and cardio-pulmonary arrest | respiratory arrest: absence of chest movement and breathing sounds
cardio-pulmonary arrest: absence of pulse and respiration with loss of consciousness
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| References | References
Saia, D.A. (2022). Patient Care. In S. Barnes, C. M. Thomas (Eds.), Lange Q & A: Radiography Examination (12th ed., pp. 15-33). Chicago, IL: McGraw-Hill Education.
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| References | Schmuck, H. (2023). RADT465 Unit 1 Patient Care Worksheet (Unpublished course reference). University of Southern Indiana, Evansville, IN.
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| References | Saia, D.A. (2018). Chapter 3 Physical Assistance, Monitoring, and Medical Emergencies). In S. Barnes, C. M. Thomas (Eds.), Radiography Prep (9th ed., pp. 29-46). Chicago, IL: McGraw-Hill Education.
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