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What is an iatrogenic infection?
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What are the differences between Salem Sump and Levin tube?
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Pt Care - RADT 465
ARRT registry review covering for patient care content area
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is an iatrogenic infection? | It's a type of infection caused by a physician or or medical treatment. |
| What are the differences between Salem Sump and Levin tube? | Salem Sump: double lumen (one for gastric air compression and the other for removal of fluid) Levin tube: single lumen (use during and after intestinal surgery to prevent liquid and gas accumulation) |
| Specific functions of Swan- Ganz and where it is located | to measure pumping, obtain pressure readings, and introduce medications; located in right side of heart |
| What Central Venous Lines permit long term IV treatment? | Port a Cath and PICC |
| Define miscibility | ability of the contrast to mix w/ body fluids |
| Define osmolarity and osmolality | osmolarity: # of particles per litter solvent osmolality: # of dissolved particles in solution per kg of water |
| What is ethylene oxide use for? | sterilization of articles unable to tolerate moisture and high temperatures |
| Define misfeasance | not perform a duty correctly (improperly perform something) |
| Difference between tracheotomy and tracheostomy | tracheotomy (action) surgical opening into the trachea; tracheostomy (subject) opening into the airway with a tube in place |
| BUN level | 8-25 mg/dl |
| Creatinine level | 0.7-1.3 mg/dl |
| Glomerular filtration rate | > 60ml/mm |
| What are the effects of andrenergics (vasoconstrictors) and their side effects? | effects: stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, vasoconstriction, and cardiac stimulation side effect: dry mouth |
| Examples of vasoconstrictors | epinephrine, ephedrine, isoproterenol, metaraminol bitartrate |
| What are anticoagulants? | inhibit the clotting mechanism of the blood, keep IV lines and arterial catheters open during diagnostic procedures, prevent blood clots following heart attach or stroke |
| What are the side effects of anticoagulants? | bruising, spontaneous bleeding |
| Examples of anticoagulants | heparin, warfarin (Coumadin) clopidogrel bisulfate (Plavix) |
| Effect of antihistamines | Relieve the symptoms of allergic reactions |
| Examples of antihistamines and some common side effects | Diphenhydramine (Benadryl), chlorpheniramine (chlor-trimeton) side effect: drowsiness |
| What are the effects of cathartics? | stimulate peristalsis, promote defecation |
| Mention examples of cathartics and their common side effects | Bisacodyl (Dulcolax), Castor oil, and magnesium citrate CSE: Dehydration, blurred vision, abdominal cramping |
| Effects of diuretics and common side effects | Effects: stimulate the flow of urine CSE: abdominal crapping, potassium depletion, diarrhea, cramps, fatigue, metallic taste |
| Examples of diuretics | chlorothiazide (diuril), furosemide (lasix), acetazolamide (diamox) |
| Effects of vasodilators | relax the walls of blood vessels, permitting greater flow of blood |
| Common side effects of vasodilators | dizziness, headache, flushing, tachycardia, hypotension, anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea, palpitations |
| Examples of vasodilators | isosorbide dinitrate (sorbitrate) nitroglycerin hydralazine (apresoline) |
| In which order should exams be schedule? | IVP, BE, Upper GI, Small Bowel |
| What are some symptoms of inadequate oxygen supply? | dyspnea, cyanosis, diaphoresis, and distention of the veins of the neck |
| Specific terms used for abnormal respiration | uneven, spasmodic, strident, stertorous tachypnic, orthopnic, and oligopnic |
| Describe category 1 patients w/ metformin | taking metformin, no evidence of AKI and of GFR 30 mL/mm or more, taking metformin as normal, not required renal function reassessment |
| Category 2 patients w/ metformin | with AKI or severe chronic disease indicated by GFR, temporarily discontinue metformin, metformin after renal studies have been reevaluated and acceptable |
| What are the common pulse points? | radial, carotid, temporal, femoral, popliteal |
| Types of Latex reactions | irritant contact dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis (delayed hypersensitivity), latex allergy (immediate hypersensitivity) |
| Difference between respiratory arrest and cardio-pulmonary arrest | respiratory arrest: absence of chest movement and breathing sounds cardio-pulmonary arrest: absence of pulse and respiration with loss of consciousness |
| References | References Saia, D.A. (2022). Patient Care. In S. Barnes, C. M. Thomas (Eds.), Lange Q & A: Radiography Examination (12th ed., pp. 15-33). Chicago, IL: McGraw-Hill Education. |
| References | Schmuck, H. (2023). RADT465 Unit 1 Patient Care Worksheet (Unpublished course reference). University of Southern Indiana, Evansville, IN. |
| References | Saia, D.A. (2018). Chapter 3 Physical Assistance, Monitoring, and Medical Emergencies). In S. Barnes, C. M. Thomas (Eds.), Radiography Prep (9th ed., pp. 29-46). Chicago, IL: McGraw-Hill Education. |
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