GRE Psy - Language
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| Phonology | study of speech sounds
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| phonemes | the basic units of sound in language
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| morphemes | The smallest units of meaning in a language.
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| words | a symbol that stands for the object or concept that it names
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| propositions | a unit of meaning that is made up of concepts and expresses a single idea
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| subject | who or what the sentence is about
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| predicate | tells what the subject is or does
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| phrases | a small group of words standing together as a conceptual unit
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| sentence | A group of words that expresses a complete thought
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| parsing | mental grouping of words in a sentence into phrases
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| constituents | a linguistic unit that is a component of a larger and more complex unit
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| ambiguity | uncertainty or inexactness of meaning in language
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| garden path sentences | sentences that begin by appearing to mean one thing
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| on-line measurement |
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| off-line measurement |
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| reinforcement | any event that strengthens the behavior it follows
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| inborn competence |
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| prelinguistic | vocalizations made by the infant before the use of language
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| linguistic | pertaining to language
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| motherese | infant-directed speech
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| comprehension | the action or capability of understanding something
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| production | The process of creating words and ideas
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| whorfian hypothesis | the language we learn influences how we think
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| Thought determines language hypothesis |
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| modularity position | language is independent from other cognitive systems
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| unique human ability | thinking
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| animal language | Animals communicate with sound and physical movement
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| language production | the structured and conventional expression of thoughts through words
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| Broca's area | controls language expression
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| language comprehension | understanding what others say (or sign or write)
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| Wernicke's area | controls language reception
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| Skinner & Mowrer | associated with reinforcement
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| Chomsky (language acquisition) | associated with inborn competence
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| Whorf | associated with Whorfian hypothesis
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| Brown | associated with thought determines language hypothesis
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| Fodor | associated with modularity position
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| Chomsky (language in nonhuman species) | associated with unique human ability
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| Gardner & Rumbaugh | associated with animal language
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| Broca | associated with language production/aphasia
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| Wernicke | associated with language comprehension/aphasia
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