Myers 7th Edition - Chapter 17 Vocabulary
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| Psychotherapy | An emotionally charged, confiding interaction between a trained therapist and someone who suffers from psychological difficulties.
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| Eclectic approach | An approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the client's problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy.
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| Psychoanalysis | Sigmund Freud's therapeutic technique. Freud believed the patient's free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences - and the therapist's interpretations of them - released previous repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight.
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| Resistance | In psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material.
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| Interpretation | In psychoanalysis, the analysist's noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors in order to promote insight.
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| Transference | In psychoanalysis, the patient's transfer of emotions linked with other relationships (such as love or hatred for a parent.)
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| Client-centered therapy | A humanistic therapy, developed by carl rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic enivoroment to facilitate the clients' growth.
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| Active listening | Empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restatesm abd clarifies. A feature of Rogers' client-centered therapy.
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| Behavior therapy | Therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors.
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| Counterconditioning | A behavior therapy procedure that conditions new responses to stimuli that trigger unwanted behaviors; based on the classical conditioning. Includes systematic desensitization and aversive conditioning.
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| Exposure therapies | Behavioral techniques, such as systemiatic desensitization, that treat anxieties by exposing people (in imagination or reality) to the things they fear and avoid.
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| Systematic desensitization | A type of counterconditioning that associates a pleasant relaxed state with the gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias.
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| Aversive conditioning | A type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) whith an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol).
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| Token economy | An operant conditioning procedure that rewards desired behavior. A patient exchanges a token of some sort, earned for exhibiting the desired bahvior, for various priviledges or treats.
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| Cognitive therapy | Therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions.
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| Cognitive-behavior therapy | A popular integrated therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changes self-defeating thinking) with the behavior therapy (changing behavior).
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| Family therapy | Therapy that treats the family as a system. Views an indivual's unwated behaviors as influenced by or directed at other family members; attempts to guide family members toward positive relationships and improved communication.
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| Regression toward the mean | The tendency for extremes of unusual scores to fall back (regress) toward their average.
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| Meta-analysis | A procedure for statistically combining the results of many different research studies.
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| Psychopharmacology | The study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior.
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| Lithium | A chemical that provides an effective drug therapy for the mood swings of bipolar (manic-depressive) disorders.
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| Electroconvulsive therapy | A biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized pateint.
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| Psychosurgery | Surgery that remoes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior.
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| Lobotomy | A now-rare psychosurigcal procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients. The procedure cut the nerves that connect the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the innter brain.
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