Soft Tissue Injury
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| 26-1 anatomy of skin layers | *epidermis- external, watertight covering, contain pigment
*dermis- inner layer of skin, contains hair follicles, pili muscles, sweat and oil glands, blood vessels, nerves
*mucous membranes- mouth, nose, anus, vagina
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| 26-2 major functions of skin | 1. protect from infection
2. water kept in
3. body temperature regulated
4. nerve sensation provide CNS information
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| 26-3 three types of soft tissue injury | *closed- damage beneath skin/ mucous membranes and surface remain intact
*open- breaks in surface skin or mucous membranes: contamination issues
*burns- excessive energy damage from: thermal, friction, chemicals, electricity and radiation
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| 26-4 types of closed soft tissue injury | contusion-bruise, low energy
ecchymosis- blue black bruise, high energy
hematoma- pooling of blood under skin, severe is 1L blood
crushing- amount of force applied and time applied
compartment syndrome-fluid leaks into space increasing pressure
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| 26-5 types of open soft tissue injury | contamination-infectious foreign bodies
abrasions-superficial layer from scrapes
laceration-jagged edges by object or blunt
linear (regular) stellate (irregular)
incision-sharp clean cut
avulsion-complete removal or flap
penetrating wound-inside
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| 26-6 Pt assessment of closed and open soft tissue injuries | -BSI, scene safe
-general impression
-ABCs + O2
-Transport decision
- Hx
-Focused and Rapid exam
-DCAP-BTLS
-reassessment
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| 26-7 Pt assessment of closed and open soft tissue injuries in relation to airway management |
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| 26-8 emergency medical care for closed and open injury |
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| 26-9 emergency medical care for an open wound to abdomen |
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| 26-10 emergency medical care for impaled object |
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| 26-11 emergency medical care for neck injury |
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| 26-12 emergency medical care for small animal bites, human bites, and rabies | Treat all Bites the Same
-dry sterile dressings, splint as needed
-prompt transport
Loose Animal might come back and attack again
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| 26-13 seriousness of burns related to depth and extent |
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| 26-14 superficial, partial thickness and full thickness burns |
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| 26-15 primary assessment of burn Pt |
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| 26-16 emergency medical care for burn Pt |
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| 26-17 emergency management of CHEMICAL BURNS | 1. remove excessive chemical (dry) by brushing
2. remove all clothing and any items such as jewelry
3. flush with copious amounts of water, NEVER use high pressure water could cause damage
-continue flushing 15-20 minutes after Pt says burning stopped
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| 26-17 emergency management of ELECTRICAL BURNS |
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| 26-17 emergency management of INHALATION BURNS |
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| 26-17 emergency management of RADIATION BURNS |
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| 26-18 know functions of sterile dressings and bandages | function- control bleeding, protect from further damage contamination/infection
sterile dressing- universal, 4x4, 4x8, adhesive, roller dressing, occlusive dressing
bandages- roller, adhesive tape, rolls of gauze, triangular bandages
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