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Laboratory Tests

        Help!  

Panel
Tests
Purpose
Department
BMP (Basic Metabolic Panel)   BUN Calcium Creatinine Electrolytes Glucose   general metabolic screen   chemistry  
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Coronary Risk or Lipid Panel   Cholesterol HDL (High-density lipoprotein) LDL (Low-density lipoprotein) Triglycerides BNP (B-type natriuretic Peptide)   assesses risk for heart disease   chemistry  
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Electrolytes   Bicarbonate Chloride Potassium Sodium   evaluates levels of ions in the blood   chemistry  
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General health or CMP (Comprehensive Metabolic Panel)   ALP (alkaline phosphatase) AST (aspartate aminotransferase) Bilirubin BMP Total protein or albumin   assesses overall health standard of patient   chemistry  
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Glucose   2-hr PPBS FBS (fasting blood sugar) GTT (glucose tolerance testing) Hb A1c (glycosylated hemoglobin)   assesses risk for diabetes mellitus   chemistry  
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LFTs (Liver Function Panel)   ALT (alanine aminotransferase) Albumin ALP (alkaline phosphatase) AST (aspartate aminotransferase) Bilirubin-conjugated Bilirubin-total Globulin Total protein GGT (gamma-glutamyl transferase)   assesses liver function   chemistry  
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MI   CK total CK-MB fraction Myoglobin TnT (Troponin T) Troponin I   determines occurrence and timing of MI   chemistry  
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Renal Disease   Albumin Creatinine clearance Phosphorus   assesses kidney function   chemistry  
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Pancreas   Amylase Lipase   assessment of pancreatic function   chemistry  
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Drug tests   Drugs of abuse Alcohol   detection of drugs and their metabolites in urine   chemistry  
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CBC   WBC RBC Hb Hct MPV MCV MCH MCHC RCW Plt diff   self explanatory MPV - assesses platelet volume and size MCV - size of average RBC MCH - average amount of Hb in RBC MCHC - ratio of Hb to size of RBC RDW - range of sizes of RBCs diff - classifies and counts types of WBC, shape of RBC and platelets   hematology  
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-   Body fluid analysis   determines number and types of cells in body fluids   hematology  
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-   Bone marrow   determines number and types of cells in bone marrow   hematology  
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-   ESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate)   determines sedimentation rate of RBCs as test for inflammation   hematology  
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-   Reticulocyte count   evaluates bone marrow delivery of RBCs into the peripheral circulation   hematology  
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-   Sickle cell (solubility test)   determines if RBCs containing hemoglobin S are present to diagnose sickle cell anemia   hematology  
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Flow cytometry   CD4/CD8 CD34, CD33, CD41, CD19, CD2 Bone marrow cell markers   identifies cellular markers on surface of WBCs to determine lymphocyte subclasses in patients with AIDS and tracks health of patients with HIV   hematology  
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-   Gram stain   screens microorganisms for gram pos/neg   microbiology  
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-   C&S (Culture and Sensitivity)   bacteria or fungal infection   microbiology  
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-   AFB Stain (Acid Fast Bacillus)   identify TB-causing microorganisms   microbiology  
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-   O&P (Ova and Parasites)   identify parasitic organisms in feces   microbiology  
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-   Cultures   media is used to grow and isolate microorganisms   microbiology  
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-   KOH   verifies presence of fungal elements   microbiology  
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-   Wet prep   verifies presence of fungal elements   microbiology  
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-   GC Stain   verifies presence of gonorrhea-causing microorganisms   microbiology  
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-   Anti-Haemophilus influenzae B antibody   detects exposure to Haemophilus influenzae B   serology/immunology  
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-   ANA (antinuclear antibodies)   detects autoimmune disease   serology/immunology  
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-   C-reactive protein   detects inflammatory disease   serology/immunology  
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-   Hepatitis surface antigen   detects hep B infection   serology/immunology  
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-   hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin   detects pregnancy   serology/immunology  
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-   RPR (rapid plasma reagin)   detects syphilis infection   serology/immunology  
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-   Rheumatoid factor   detects rheumatoid arthritis   serology/immunology  
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Urinalysis   Clarity Color Specific gravity Bilirubin Blood Glucose Ketones Leukocyte esterase Nitrite pH Protein Urobilinogen Cells and other structures   high bilirubin = liver disease high glucose = DM high ketones = DM or starvation Nitrite = bacterial infection high protein = kidney disease high urobilinogen = liver disease or hemolytic disorder   urinalysis and clinical microscopy  
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