Vital SIgns and Physical Examinations; Study Guide
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| Site where the infants body temperature is the most accurate | Rectal
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| A normal pulse | Newborn- 140; 1-2 years 120; 3-6 years 100; 7-11 years 95; adolescent-adult 80
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| Where to level the arm to take the pulse | level with the heart
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| Pulse done with a stethoscope | Cardiac Pulse
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| Palpated behind the knee | Popliteal Pulse
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| Palpated at the neck | Carotid Pulse
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| Antecubital space being palpated | Brachial Pulse
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| A pulse with uncontrolled hypertension | an above average pulse rate of 100+
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| Orthostatic Hypotension | a temporary fall in blood pressure when a person rapidly changes from recumbent position to a stand position
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| What Krotkoff phase is the systolic BP heard | Phase 1
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| Expected resting pulse | 60-100 bpm
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| Aural Thermometer | an ear thermometer that uses infrared energy to measure body temperature
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| A difference in the Radial and Apical pulses | Pulse Deficit; if the heart is weak or you have a vascular disease, the radial and apical pulse may be different
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| Internal functions of the body are constantly adopting and changing to keep the body in balance | Homeostasis
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| A 3 years olds bilateral otitis externa temperature is taken with which thermometer | A tymphanic thermometer is inserted after gently pulling the ear lobe down and back
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| Symptoms of Hypertension | There are virtually no symptoms. Most don't know they have a problem until they have treatment for another problem
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| Cardinal sign assessment includes | Temperature, Pulse, Respiration, Blood Pressure
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| Chemical and physical change that produces heat in the body | metabolism
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| A fever that fluctuates | Continuous fever rises and falls only slighty during a 24-hour period. Temperature consistently remains above the patients average normal temperature range and fluctuates less than 3 degrees
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| Abbreviation for temperature | Temp.
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| Shortest length of time to obtain an accurate temp is found with what kind of device | A tymphanic thermometer reading takes less than 2 seconds
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| 90/60 mm Hg or lower is considered | Hypotensions
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| A distinct sharp tapping sound that continues rythmatically is which phase | Krotkoff Phase 3
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| Medical History that helps uncover existing or potential health problems is what section | History of Present Illness (HPI)
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| How to have a good rapport with patients | Preparing the proper environment, using active listening skills, and theraputic communication
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| Where is the demographic information in the health record | The Database
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| What includes the patients dietary habits, smoking habits, and alcohol consumption | Social History
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| Repeating or parphrasing the patients comments | Restatement
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| A MA who is a good listener provides what | compassion, honesty, and education to the patient
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| Theraputic interactions with children include | allowing the child to touch and discover things in the office, praising for cooperation, and playing games
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| Process that involves active listening | Theraputic communication, restatement, reflection, and clarification
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| How to correct an error in a paper record | draw a line through the error, write "error" above the corrected word or words. Date and initial the correction. Then write the correct information
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| Supine Position | patient lies flat with face upward and lower legd supported by the table extension. Used to examine the front of the body
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| Prone Position | patient lies face down on the table on the ventral surface of the body. Opposite to the supine position. Used to examine the back and for certain surgical procedures
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| Semi-Fowler Position | the head of the table is angled at a 45 degree angle. Used for post operative exams, breathing disorder
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| Fowlers Position | the head of the table is positioned at a 90 degree angle. Used for exams and treatments of the head, neck, and chest
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| Dorsal Recumbent Position | patients lies face up with weight distribution primarily to the surface of the back, with knees flexed and feet flat. Used for exams or inspection of the rectal, vaginal, and perineal areas
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| Lithotomy Position | patient lays on the back with knees sharply flexed and arms folded over the chest or at the sides. Buttock slid forwards to the end of the table and feet supported by stirrups wide aprt. Used primarily for vaginal exams
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| Knee-Chest Position | patients rests on knees and chest with head turn to the side. Arms placed under the head for support or at the sides of the table near the head. Buttocks extended into the air. Used for protologic exams and for sigmoid, rectal and vaginal exams
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| Safeguards mandated by HIPAA | privacy laws, passwords, encryptions, etc
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| manipulation during a physical examination to gain information | The passive movement of a joint to determine the range of extension or flexion of a part of the body
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| How to prepare a patient for an exam | Take demographics, ask to empty their bladder, inform what clothes to take off (assist as needed), and inform on how to put on the gown
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| Position for sigmoid and rectal exams | Knee-chest position and/or Dorsal Recumbent
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| Positions achieved by lying prone with the head down, knees bent, and buttocks elevated | Knee-chest position
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| what is used to assess a patients ability to detect sound vibrations | a tuning fork
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| Trendelenburg | a position where the patient is lying on their back at a 15-30 degree incline with feet elevated above the head. Used during lower abdominal surgeries, and central venous catheter placement
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| Best method for moving a heavy object | always ask for help if it to heavy, maintain correct psoture, get close and life the object, bend at knees with feet shoulder width apart
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| Shock Symptoms | pale, cold and clammy skin, shallow and rapid breathing, difficulty breathing, anxiety, rapid heart rate and irregularities, dry mouth, and low or dark urine
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| Quickest and easiest way to check for skin turgor | pinch the skin
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| All position names | Fowler, Semi-Fowler, Supine, Dorsal Recumbent, Lithotomy, Left Lateral, Prone, Knee-chest
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| Terms that is often associated with the process of measuring | mensuration
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| Opthalmoscope | a instrument used to inspect the inner structures of the eye. A stainless steel handle containing batteries and an atteched head, which has a light, magnefying lenses and an opening through which the eye is viewed
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