a&p chap 2 Chem
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| show | body functions depend on cellular functionscellular functions result from chemical change
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| show | anything that takes up space and has weight; composed of elements
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| show | substances that cannot be broken down by chemical means into simpler substancesExamples: carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen
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| show | Smallest particle of an element
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| Atomic Structure | show 🗑
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| Protons | show 🗑
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| Nuetrons | show 🗑
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| Electrons | show 🗑
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| show | composed of protons and neutronselectrons move around it
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| Atomic Number | show 🗑
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| show | the number of protons plus the number of neutrons in one atom electrons do no contribute to the weight of the atom
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| Molecules | show 🗑
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| Compound | show 🗑
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| Chemical formulas | show 🗑
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| show | found in regions of space called orbitals(energy cells)each shell can hold a limited number of electrons. Lower shells are filled first. If the outermose shell is full, the atom is stable.
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| show | the first shell can hold up to 2 electronsthe second shell can hold up to 8 electrons the third shell can hold up to 8 electrons
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| show | atom that ha gained or lost an electron(s), electrically charged, atoms form ions to become stable
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| Ionci Bond | show 🗑
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| Ionic compounds | show 🗑
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| Composition and concentration of electrolytes | show 🗑
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| show | formed when atoms share electrons
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| Structural Formulas | show 🗑
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| show | generally do not contain C. Usually smaller than organic molecules. Water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and inorganic salts.
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| show | Contain C and H. Usually larger than inorganic molecules. Charbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids
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| show | two-thirds of the weight of an adult human
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| Oxygen O2 | show 🗑
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| Carbon dioxide CO2 | show 🗑
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| Inorganic Salts Na+, Cl-, K+, Ca2+ | show 🗑
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| Electrolytes | show 🗑
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| show | electrolytes that release hydrogen ions in water. HCl-> H+ + Cl-
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| show | substances that release ions that can combine with hydrogen ions. NaOH -> Na+ + OH-
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| show | electrolytes fromed by the reaction between an acid and a base. HCl + NaOH --> H2O + NaCl
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| show | concentration of hydrogen ions in solutions
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| Acidic | show 🗑
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| Neutral | show 🗑
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| show | pH greater than 7; greater concentration of OH-
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| Buffers | show 🗑
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| 4 main types of biological macromolecules | show 🗑
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| show | provide energy to cells, supply materials to build cell structures, water soluble, contain C, H, and O. ratio of H to O close to 2:1 (C6H12O6)
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| 3 main types of carbohydrates | show 🗑
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| show | simplest carbohydrates. Glucos is major fuel for cells. Fructose and galactose are 6-C simple sugars found in foods
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| Disaccharides | show 🗑
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| show | fromed by chemically combining many monosaccharides. Glocogen: animal carbohydrate storage. Starch: plant carbohydrate storage
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| show | soluble in organic solvents. Fats (triglycerides) used for energy and cell membranes. Contain C, H and O but less O than carbohydrates
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| Saturated fats | show 🗑
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| Unsaturated fats | show 🗑
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| Phospholipids | show 🗑
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| Sterols | show 🗑
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| Proteins | show 🗑
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| Condensation Synthesis | show 🗑
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| hydrolysis | show 🗑
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| show | chemical that speeds reaction by is not part of the reaction (and is not changed by the reaction)
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| show | brings together the substrates and allow them to react more easily
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| Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) | show 🗑
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| ATP | show 🗑
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