Module 23 AP Psych Unit 3
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| Gestalt | An organized while. Gestalt psychologists emphasize our tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes
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| Figure-ground | The organization of the visual field into objects that stand out from their surroundings
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| Grouping | The perceptual tendency to organize stimuli into coherent groups
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| Proximity | We group nearby things together
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| Continuity | We perceive smooth, continuous patterns rather than discontinuous ones
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| Closure | We fill in gaps to create a complete, whole object
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| Depth perception | The ability to see objects in three dimensions although the images that strike the retina are two-dimensional
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| Visual cliff | A laboratory device for testing depth perception in infants and young animals
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| Binocular cue | A depth cue, such as retinal dispensary, that depends on the use of two eyes
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| Retinal disparity | A binocular cue for perceiving depth. By comparing retinal images from two eyes, the bran computes the difference
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| Monocular cues | A depth cue, such as interposition or linear perspective, available to either eye alone
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| Phi Phenomenon | An illusion of movement created when two or more adjustment lights blink on and off in quick succession
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| Perceptual constancy | perceiving objects as unchanging even as illumination and retinal images change
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| Color constancy | Perceiving familiar objects as having consistent color, even if changing illumination alters the wavelengths reflected by the object
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| Brightness constancy | We perceive an object as having constant brightness even as its illumination varies
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| Shape constancy | We perceive the form of familiar objects, as constant even while our retinas changing images of them
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| Size constancy | We perceive an object as having an unchanged size, even while our distance from it varies
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| Restored vision | when blind people trust their other senses with the responsibilities of their eyes, therefore have better senses than people who can see
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| Critical period | An optimal period when exposure to certain stimuli or experiences is required
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| Perceptual adaptation | The ability to adjust to changed sensory input, including an artificially displaced or even inverted visual field
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